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In 2006, 20% of the total electricity demand was already produced with renewable energy sources, and in January 2009 the total electricity demand produced with renewable energy sources reached 34.8%. [47] Some regions of Spain lead Europe in the use of renewable energy technology and plan to reach 100% renewable energy generation in few years.
The total amount of energy input into the process compared to the energy released by burning the resulting ethanol fuel is known as the energy balance (or "energy returned on energy invested"). Figures compiled in a 2007 report by National Geographic [ 68 ] point to modest results for corn ethanol produced in the US: one unit of fossil-fuel ...
The production of fuel ethanol from corn in the United States is controversial for a few reasons. Production of ethanol from corn is 5 to 6 times less efficient than producing it from sugarcane. The reason that corn has been notoriously used for ethanol production is because farmers are either paid to destroy crops or to not grow corn crops.
In Brazil where sugar cane is used, the yield is higher, and conversion to ethanol is more energy efficient than corn. Recent developments with cellulosic ethanol production may improve yields even further. [12] In 2006 a study from the University of Minnesota found that corn-grain ethanol produced 1.25 units of energy per unit put in. [13]
Bioheating plant in Skellefteå. Energy use by source in Sweden 1970–2012. Biofuels are renewable fuels [1] that are produced by living organisms (biomass [1]). Biofuels [2] can be solid, gaseous or liquid, which comes in two forms: ethanol and biodiesel and often replace fossil fuels.
Corn is a very energy-intensive crop, which requires one unit of fossil-fuel energy to create just 0.9 to 1.3 energy units of ethanol. [ citation needed ] A senior member of the House Energy and Commerce Committee , Congressman Fred Upton introduced legislation to use at least E10 fuel by 2012 in all cars in the United States.
Renewable electricity generation by source and country in 2023 [1] This is a list of countries and dependencies by electricity generation from renewable sources. [1] Renewables accounted for 30% of electric generation in 2023. Renewables consist of hydro (47%), wind (26%), solar (18%), biomass (8%) and geothermal (1%).
Dagens och framtidens hållbara biodrivmedel), which is on par with the better of current biofuels of the first-generation, where typical best values currently is 60–80%. In 2010, average savings of biofuels used within EU was 60% (Hamelinck.C. et al. 2013 Renewable energy progress and biofuels sustainability, Report for the European Commission).