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Color blindness may also present itself as a symptom of degenerative diseases of the eye, such as cataract and age-related macular degeneration, and as part of the retinal damage caused by diabetes. Vitamin A deficiency may also cause color blindness. [47] Color blindness may be a side effect of prescription drug use.
Monochromacy (from Greek mono, meaning "one" and chromo, meaning "color") is the ability of organisms to perceive only light intensity without respect to spectral composition. Organisms with monochromacy lack color vision and can only see in shades of grey ranging from black to white. Organisms with monochromacy are called monochromats.
In the UK, age-related macular degeneration is the cause of blindness in almost 42% of those who go blind aged 65–74 years, almost two-thirds of those aged 75–84 years, and almost three-quarters of those aged 85 years or older. [103]
Achromatopsia, also known as rod monochromacy, is a medical syndrome that exhibits symptoms relating to five conditions, most notably monochromacy.Historically, the name referred to monochromacy in general, but now typically refers only to an autosomal recessive congenital color vision condition.
Diabetic retinopathy (also known as diabetic eye disease) is a medical condition in which damage occurs to the retina due to diabetes.It is a leading cause of blindness in developed countries and one of the lead causes of sight loss in the world, even though there are many new therapies and improved treatments for helping people live with diabetes.
Dichromacy in humans is a form of color blindness (color vision deficiency). Normal human color vision is trichromatic, so dichromacy is achieved by losing functionality of one of the three cone cells. The classification of human dichromacy depends on which cone is missing: Protanopia is a severe form of red-green color blindness, in which the ...
Congenital red-green color blindness, the genetic condition that causes the most cases of color blindness. Dichromacy, a type of color vision possessed by most mammals; partial color blindness when in humans. Monochromacy, a lack of color vision; total color blindness when in humans. Achromatopsia, a syndrome that includes total color blindness.
Males are more likely to inherit red–green color blindness than females, because the genes for the relevant opsins are on the X chromosome. [1] Screening for congenital red–green color blindness is typically performed with the Ishihara or similar color vision test. [1] It is a lifelong condition, and has no known cure or treatment. [1]