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Costochondritis, also known as chest wall pain syndrome or costosternal syndrome, is a benign inflammation of the upper costochondral (rib to cartilage) and sternocostal (cartilage to sternum) joints. 90% of patients are affected in multiple ribs on a single side, typically at the 2nd to 5th ribs. [1]
The pain is agitated by expansion and contraction of the chest. Taking a deep breath and allowing the rib cage to fully expand can relieve the pain, however it will feel unpleasant initially. At the point of full expansion, it can feel like a rubber band snap in the chest, after which the initial pain subsides.
Chest pain due to coronary ischemia commonly radiates to the arm or neck. [7] Certain individuals such as women, diabetics, and the elderly may present with more varied symptoms. [ 8 ] If blood flow through the coronary arteries is stopped completely, cardiac muscle cells may die, known as a myocardial infarction, or heart attack.
In environments such as the emergency department, an estimated 20-50% of non-cardiac chest pain is due to a musculoskeletal cause. [1] Despite musculoskeletal conditions such as Tietze syndrome being a common reason for visits to the emergency room, they are frequently misdiagnosed as angina pectoris , pleurisy , and other serious ...
Referred pain is when you feel pain in one part of the body (such as the right side of the chest area) caused by pain from an injury or illness in another part of the body.
There are only 10–20 cases annually in the United States. [1] These cases occur mostly in boys and young men (mean age 15), usually during sports participation. [1] It occurs most frequently in baseball when the hardball strikes an unprotected chest, although there have been cases of commotio cordis in players using a chest protector. [1]
Though it's typically noticed on the left side, heart attack pain can be difficult to localize, or the pain can radiate to the other side of the chest. Pain pathways vary widely from person to ...
This is a common cause of chest pain. [5] Severe trauma may lead to fracture of the costal cartilage. [6] Such injuries often go unnoticed during x-ray scans, but can be diagnosed with CT scans. [6] Surgery is typically used to fix the costal cartilage back onto either the rib or sternum. [6]