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During G1 phase, the two head-to-head Mcm2-7 rings serve as the scaffold for the assembly of the bidirectional replication initiation complexes at the replication origin. During S phase, the Mcm2-7 complex forms the catalytic core of the Cdc45-MCM-GINS helicase - the DNA unwinding engine of the replisome.
DNA ligase is a type of enzyme that facilitates the joining of DNA strands together by catalyzing the formation of a phosphodiester bond.It plays a role in repairing single-strand breaks in duplex DNA in living organisms, but some forms (such as DNA ligase IV) may specifically repair double-strand breaks (i.e. a break in both complementary strands of DNA).
S phase (Synthesis phase) is the phase of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, occurring between G 1 phase and G 2 phase. [1] Since accurate duplication of the genome is critical to successful cell division, the processes that occur during S-phase are tightly regulated and widely conserved.
LIG1 encodes DNA ligase 1, which functions in DNA replication and the base excision repair process. [10] Eukaryotic DNA ligase 1 catalyzes a reaction that is chemically universal to all ligases. DNA ligase 1 utilizes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to catalyze the energetically favorable ligation events in both DNA replication and repair.
Skp2 is the substrate recruiting component of the SCFSkp2 complex, which targets cell cycle control elements, such as p27 and p21. [28] [29] [30] Here, SKP2 has been implicated in double negative feedback loops with both p21 and p27, that control cell cycle entry and G1/S transition. [31] [32]
Skp, Cullin, F-box containing complex (or SCF complex) is a multi-protein E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that catalyzes the ubiquitination of proteins destined for 26S proteasomal degradation. [1] Along with the anaphase-promoting complex, [2] SCF has important roles in the ubiquitination of proteins involved in the cell cycle. The SCF complex ...
The discovery of DNA ligase dates back to 1967 and was an important event in the field of molecular biology. [1] Ligation in the laboratory is normally performed using T4 DNA ligase. It is broadly used in vitro due to its capability of joining sticky-ended fragments as well as blunt-ended fragments. [2]
Cdh1 plays a pivotal role in controlling cell division at the end of mitosis and in the subsequent G1 phase of cell cycle: By recognizing and binding proteins (like mitotic cyclins) which contain a destruction box (D-box) and an additional degradation signal (KEN box), Cdh1 recruits them in a C-box-dependent mechanism to the APC for ubiquination and subsequent proteolysis.