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A superior laryngeal nerve palsy changes the pitch of the voice and causes an inability to make explosive sounds due to paralysis of the cricothyroid muscle. If no recovery is evident three months after the palsy initially presents, the damage is most likely to be permanent.
Its lateral thinner portions are pierced by the superior laryngeal vessels and the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. [1] Its anterior surface is in relation with the thyrohyoid muscle, sternohyoid muscle, and omohyoid muscles, and with the body of the hyoid bone. It is pierced by the superior laryngeal nerve. [2]
Currently, there are four types of implant procedures which are used to perform type 1 thyroplasty. Montgomery Thyroplasty Implant system. This system was discovered after years of research and the main advantage of this implant system is that it eliminates the process of customizing the implant at the time of surgery.
The inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle can be supplied by branches from the pharyngeal plexus, [4] the recurrent laryngeal nerve, the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve, or a combination of these (the recurrent laryngeal nerve being the most common innervation of the cricopharyngeal part). [5]
Nerve block or regional nerve blockade is any deliberate interruption of signals traveling along a nerve, often for the purpose of pain relief. Local anesthetic nerve block (sometimes referred to as simply "nerve block") is a short-term block, usually lasting hours or days, involving the injection of an anesthetic, a corticosteroid, and other agents onto or near a nerve.
The cricothyroid muscle splits into two groups or parts. The oblique part travels posterolaterally and inserts onto the inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage.The straight part travels posterosuperiorly and inserts onto the inferior margin of the lamina of the thyroid cartilage.
The internal laryngeal nerve supplies sensation to the area, and it may become damaged if the mucous membrane is inadvertently punctured. The pyriform sinus is a subsite of the hypopharynx . This distinction is important for head and neck cancer staging and treatment.
The posterior cricoarytenoid muscle receives motor innervation from (the anterior division of) the recurrent laryngeal nerve (itself a branch of the vagus nerve (CN X)). [2] [5] Different parts of the muscle (such as the medial and lateral muscle bellies) are often innervated by separate branches. [2] There may be 1-6 branches, but are usually 2-3.