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Arıkan developed polar codes, a system of coding that provides a mathematical basis for the solution of Shannon's channel capacity problem. [5] He presented a three-session lecture on the polar codes at Simons Institute 's Information Theory Boot Camp at the University of California, Berkeley .
Neural Polar Decoders (NPDs) [14] are an advancement in channel coding that combine neural networks (NNs) with polar codes, providing unified decoding for channels with or without memory, without requiring an explicit channel model. They use four neural networks to approximate the functions of polar decoding: the embedding (E) NN, the check ...
Each transmitted code word in a constant-weight code is designed such that every code word that contains some positive or negative levels also contains enough of the opposite levels, such that the average level over each code word is zero. Examples of constant-weight codes include Manchester code and Interleaved 2 of 5. Use a paired disparity ...
NANDA International (formerly the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association) is a professional organization of nurses interested in standardized nursing terminology, that was officially founded in 1982 and develops, researches, disseminates and refines the nomenclature, criteria, and taxonomy of nursing diagnosis. In 2002, NANDA became NANDA ...
It does use real cheese for its cheese curds, but other products, for example, its Cheeseburger and Backyard Bacon Ranch Signature Stackburger, use processed cheese. Francis Dean / Getty Pizza Hut
A low code-rate close to zero implies a strong code that uses many redundant bits to achieve a good performance, while a large code-rate close to 1 implies a weak code. The redundant bits that protect the information have to be transferred using the same communication resources that they are trying to protect.
Ukraine needs to get younger people into the military to succeed in the war being waged against it by Russia, U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken said on Wednesday. Blinken's comments, in an ...
Subramanian, who joined the dating app operator as CFO in 2020, played a key role in the company's initial public offering in 2021. Bumble has begun searching for Subramanian's successor. In other ...