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Diplocaulus (meaning "double stalk") is an extinct genus of lepospondyl amphibians which lived from the Late Carboniferous to the Late Permian of North America and Africa. Diplocaulus is by far the largest and best-known of the lepospondyls, characterized by a distinctive boomerang -shaped skull .
The Diplocaulidae ("double cauls") is an extinct family of "nectridean" tetrapodomorphs that arose during the Late Carboniferous and died out in the Late Permian. [1] They are distinguished by the presence of strange, horn-like protrusions jutting out from the rear of their skulls; in some genera said protrusions gave their heads an almost boomerang-like outline.
Lepospondyli is a diverse taxon of early tetrapods.With the exception of one late-surviving lepospondyl from the Late Permian of Morocco (Diplocaulus minimus), [6] lepospondyls lived from the Visean stage of the Early Carboniferous to the Early Permian and were geographically restricted to what is now Europe and North America.
The best known genus is Diplocaulus, a nectridean with a boomerang-shaped head. The position of Lepospondyli in relation to other labyrinthodont groups is uncertain, and it is sometimes classified as a separate subclass. [35] The teeth were not labyrinthodont, and the group has classically been seen as separate from the Labyrinthodontia.
This list of prehistoric amphibians is an attempt to create a comprehensive listing of all genera from the fossil record that have ever been considered to be amphibians, excluding purely vernacular terms.
Microsaurs are known from Europe and North America. Microsaur remains have been found from Europe and North America in Late Carboniferous and Early Permian localities. Most North American microsaurs have been found in the United States in Arizona, [8] Texas, Oklahoma, Ohio, [9] Illinois, as well as Kansas and Nebraska, [10] although remains have also been found in Nova Scotia. [11]
Keraterpeton is an extinct genus of "nectridean" tetrapodomorphs, previously included within the monotypic Keraterpedontidae family, [3] from the Carboniferous period of Europe (Czech Republic, England and Ireland) [4] and North America (United States); [5] [6] it is the oldest known member of the family Diplocaulidae.
Nectridea is an extinct order of lepospondyl tetrapods from the Carboniferous and Permian periods, including animals such as Diplocaulus.In appearance, they would have resembled modern newts or aquatic salamanders, although they are not close relatives of modern amphibians. [1]