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A surface plate is a solid, flat plate used as the main horizontal reference plane for precision inspection, marking out (layout), and tooling setup. [1] The surface plate is often used as the baseline for all measurements to a workpiece, therefore one primary surface is finished extremely flat with tolerances below 11.5 μm or 0.0115 mm per ...
Sir Joseph Whitworth popularized the first practical method of making accurate flat surfaces during the 1830s, [2] using engineer's blue and scraping techniques on three trial surfaces, in what is known as Whitworth's three plates method. [3] By testing all three in pairs against each other, it is ensured that the surfaces become flat.
The easiest method for measuring flatness is with a height gauge positioned on a surface plate. You must set up the part on three stands and find the minimum variation while adjusting them, just placing the part on the surface plate and using a dial indicator to find TIR on the opposite side of the part measures parallelism. Flatness is more ...
It is done by using a precision surface such as a surface plate or a straightedge as a standard (a straightedge in this context is not a ruler; it is a miniature surface plate of extreme accuracy). The standard is coated with a very thin coating of a material such as Prussian blue. The workpiece and standard are touched together by gravity ...
Therefore, a very flat and stable work-surface is also needed, on which the test can be performed, preventing both the flat and the test-piece from sagging under their combined weight, Often, a precision-ground surface plate is used as a work surface, providing a steady table-top for testing upon. To provide an even flatter surface, sometimes ...
The Wilhelmy plate tensiometer requires a plate to make contact with the liquid surface. It is widely considered the simplest and most accurate method for surface tension measurement. Due to a large wetted length of the platinum plate, the surface tension reading is typically very stable compared to alternative methods.
From this stable, accurate surface, you can then transfer the flatness or parallelism from the cast iron surface to the granite surface, for use in laboratory equipment. The cast iron plate can be used as an inspection surface, but this requires special training and consideration on the part of the inspector.
Engineer's blue is prepared by mixing Prussian blue with a non-drying oily material (for example, grease).The coloured oil is rubbed onto a reference surface, and the workpiece is then rubbed against the coloured reference; the transfer (by contact) of the pigment indicates the position of high spots on the workpiece or conversely highlight low points. [1]
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