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The HPKP is not valid without this backup key (a backup key is defined as a public key not present in the current certificate chain). [4] HPKP is standardized in RFC 7469. [1] It expands on static certificate pinning, which hardcodes public key hashes of well-known websites or services within web browsers and applications. [5]
Network Security Services (NSS) is a collection of cryptographic computer libraries designed to support cross-platform development of security-enabled client and server applications with optional support for hardware TLS/SSL acceleration on the server side and hardware smart cards on the client side.
It must be continuously updated with current CRL information from a certificate authority which issued the certificates contained within the CRL. While this is a potentially labor-intensive process, the use of a dedicated validation authority allows for dynamic validation of certificates issued by an offline root certificate authority. While ...
Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide communications security over a computer network, such as the Internet.The protocol is widely used in applications such as email, instant messaging, and voice over IP, but its use in securing HTTPS remains the most publicly visible.
Version Platforms SSL 2.0 (insecure) SSL 3.0 (insecure) TLS 1.0 (deprecated) TLS 1.1 (deprecated) TLS 1.2 TLS 1.3 EV certificate SHA-2 certificate ECDSA certificate BEAST CRIME POODLE (SSLv3) RC4 FREAK Logjam Protocol selection by user Microsoft Edge (12–18) (EdgeHTML-based) Client only Internet Explorer 11 [n 20] Windows Schannel: 11 12–13
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 21 January 2025. Extension of the HTTP communications protocol to support TLS encryption Internet protocol suite Application layer BGP DHCP (v6) DNS FTP HTTP (HTTP/3) HTTPS IMAP IRC LDAP MGCP MQTT NNTP NTP OSPF POP PTP ONC/RPC RTP RTSP RIP SIP SMTP SNMP SSH Telnet TLS/SSL XMPP more... Transport layer TCP ...
Several versions of the TLS protocol exist. SSL 2.0 is a deprecated [27] protocol version with significant weaknesses. SSL 3.0 (1996) and TLS 1.0 (1999) are successors with two weaknesses in CBC-padding that were explained in 2001 by Serge Vaudenay. [28]
To validate a specific CRL prior to relying on it, the certificate of its corresponding CA is needed. The certificates for which a CRL should be maintained are often X.509 / public key certificates , as this format is commonly used by PKI schemes.