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2. Salt (cryptography) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(cryptography)

   Typically, a unique salt is randomly generated for each password. The salt and the password (or its version after key stretching) are concatenated and fed to a cryptographic hash function, and the output hash value is then stored with the salt in a database. The salt does not need to be encrypted, because knowing the salt would not help the ...

3. Salted Challenge Response Authentication Mechanism - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salted_Challenge_Response...

   To solve this problem, they use SCRAM, where Bob can store his password in a salted format, using PBKDF2. During login, Bob sends Alice his salt and the iteration count of the PBKDF2 algorithm, and then Alice uses these to calculate the hashed password that Bob has in his database. All further calculations in SCRAM base on this value which both ...

4. Challenge–response authentication - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Challenge–response...

   One way this is done involves using the password as the encryption key to transmit some randomly generated information as the challenge, whereupon the other end must return as its response a similarly encrypted value which is some predetermined function of the originally offered information, thus proving that it was able to decrypt the challenge.

5. Key derivation function - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key_derivation_function

   Example of a Key Derivation Function chain as used in the Signal Protocol.The output of one KDF function is the input to the next KDF function in the chain. In cryptography, a key derivation function (KDF) is a cryptographic algorithm that derives one or more secret keys from a secret value such as a master key, a password, or a passphrase using a pseudorandom function (which typically uses a ...

6. How AOL uses SSL to protect your account

   help.aol.com/articles/how-aol-uses-ssl-to...

   At AOL, we make every effort to keep your personal information totally secure. SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is an industry standard for encrypting private data sent over the Internet. It helps protect your account from hackers and insures the security of private data sent over the Internet, like credit cards and passwords.

7. bcrypt - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bcrypt

   The input to the bcrypt function is the password string (up to 72 bytes), a numeric cost, and a 16-byte (128-bit) salt value. The salt is typically a random value.

8. Data Secure by AOL - AOL Help

   help.aol.com/articles/data-secure-by-aol

   Encrypt the data you send: Private Wifi uses premium-level security to encrypt everything you send and receive on your computer or mobile device over public WiFi. Real-time data protection: DataMask by AOL creates a secure browsing experience by using anti-keylogging and anti-phishing software that helps protect you from internet threats and ...

9. PBKDF2 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PBKDF2

   DK = PBKDF2(PRF, Password, Salt, c, dkLen) where: PRF is a pseudorandom function of two parameters with output length hLen (e.g., a keyed HMAC) Password is the master password from which a derived key is generated; Salt is a sequence of bits, known as a cryptographic salt; c is the number of iterations desired; dkLen is the desired bit-length ...