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  2. Smelting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smelting

    Smelting involves more than just melting the metal out of its ore. Most ores are the chemical compound of the metal and other elements, such as oxygen (as an oxide), sulfur (as a sulfide), or carbon and oxygen together (as a carbonate). To extract the metal, workers must make these compounds undergo a chemical reaction.

  3. Melting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melting

    Melting, or fusion, is a physical process that results in the phase transition of a substance from a solid to a liquid. This occurs when the internal energy of the solid increases, typically by the application of heat or pressure , which increases the substance's temperature to the melting point .

  4. Induction heating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induction_heating

    Component of Stirling radioisotope generator is heated by induction during testing. Induction heating is the process of heating electrically conductive materials, namely metals or semi-conductors, by electromagnetic induction, through heat transfer passing through an inductor that creates an electromagnetic field within the coil to heat up and possibly melt steel, copper, brass, graphite, gold ...

  5. Fusible plug - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusible_plug

    To avoid this, the cored fusible plug was developed in the 1860s to give a wide opening as soon as the alloy softens. This has a solid brass or bronze centre, soldered into place by a thick layer of the low-melting-point alloy. When overheated, the plug does not release any steam or water until the alloy melts sufficiently to release the centre ...

  6. Refining (metallurgy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refining_(metallurgy)

    In one of the previous melting stages, lead was added. Gold and silver preferentially dissolved in this, thus providing a means of recovering these precious metals. To produce purer copper suitable for making copper plates or hollow-ware, further melting processes were undertaken, using charcoal as fuel. The repeated application of such fire ...

  7. Cupola furnace - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupola_furnace

    When the metal level is sufficiently high, the cupola tender opens the "tap hole" to let the metal flow into a ladle or other container to hold the molten metal. When enough metal is drawn off the "tap hole" is plugged with a refractory plug made of clay. [8] The cupola tender observes the furnace through the sight glass or peep hole in the ...

  8. Brazing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazing

    Brazing is a metal-joining process in which two or more metal items are joined by melting and flowing a filler metal into the joint, with the filler metal having a lower melting point than the adjoining metal. Brazing differs from welding in that it does not involve melting the work pieces.

  9. Liquation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquation

    The cakes are heated in a liquation furnace, usually four or five at once, to a temperature above the melting point of lead (327°C), but below that of copper (1084 °C), so that the silver-rich lead melts and flows away. [5] As the melting point of lead is so low a high-temperature furnace is not required and it can be fuelled with wood. [7]