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Albert Bruce Sabin (/ ˈ s eɪ b ɪ n / SAY-bin; born Abram Saperstejn; August 26, 1906 – March 3, 1993) was a Polish-American medical researcher, best known for developing the oral polio vaccine, which has played a key role in nearly eradicating the disease.
Many countries began polio immunization campaigns using Salk's vaccine, including Canada, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, West Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Belgium. By 1959, the Salk vaccine had reached about 90 countries. [5] An attenuated live oral polio vaccine was developed by Albert Sabin, coming into commercial use in 1961. Less ...
Hypromellose , short for hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), is a semisynthetic, inert, viscoelastic polymer used in eye drops, as well as an excipient and controlled-delivery component in oral medicaments, found in a variety of commercial products.
Polio is a debilitating disease that invades the body’s nervous system, and prior to the invention of the polio vaccine, it claimed the lives of hundreds of thousands of people globally every year.
The second vaccine, an oral polio vaccine (OPV), is a live-attenuated vaccine, produced by the passage of the virus through non-human cells at a sub-physiological temperature. The passage of virus produces mutations within the viral genome, and hinders the virus's ability to infect nervous tissue. [6]
Two of the most prominent were smallpox and polio—both largely conquered in the U.S. with vaccines. Before the smallpox vaccine, many people bore deep scars on their faces and bodies (if they ...
The epidemics ended with the introduction of the oral polio vaccine in 1962. – What is an iron lung? An iron lung is a respirator which stimulates breathing by enclosing a person’s body and ...
She was the head of laboratory at the Institute [5] and worked to develop prophylactic vaccines against the disease. [6] [7] In 1958-1959, together with Mikhail Chumakov, she organized the world's first mass production and clinical trials of a live polio vaccine made from attenuated Sabin strains.