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Viscum cruciatum, commonly called the red-berry mistletoe, is a species of mistletoe in the family Santalaceae. [1] It is native to Lebanon, Morocco, Israel, Palestine, Portugal, Spain, and Syria. [2] The plant has small leaves. The flowers have four petals. The berries are red containing one seed. All parts of the plants are poisonous if eaten.
Mistletoe attaches to trees with the help of birds that eat the berries but can't digest the seeds. In fact, that's how the plant got its name. In fact, that's how the plant got its name.
Viscum is a genus of about 70–100 species of mistletoes, native to temperate and tropical regions of Europe, Africa, Asia and Australasia. [1] Traditionally, the genus has been placed in its own family Viscaceae, but recent genetic research by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group shows this family to be correctly placed within a larger circumscription of the sandalwood family, Santalaceae.
Viscum rotundifolium, the red-berry mistletoe, is a variable, wide-ranging and monoecious mistletoe of southern Africa. [1] It is a hardy, evergreen hemiparasite with a catholic variety of host plants, [2] including other mistletoes. [3] It may be found from near sea level to 1,950 m. [1]
The eastern mistletoe native to North America, Phoradendron leucarpum, belongs to a distinct genus of the family Santalaceae. European mistletoe has smooth-edged, oval, evergreen leaves borne in pairs along the woody stem, and waxy, white berries that it bears in clusters of two to six. The eastern mistletoe of North America is similar, but has ...
Its common names include American mistletoe, eastern mistletoe, hairy mistletoe and oak mistletoe. It is native to Mexico and the continental United States. [3] It is hemiparasitic, living in the branches of trees. The berries are white and 3–6 millimeters (0.12–0.24 in). [4] [5] It has opposite leaves that are leathery and thick.
Phoradendron californicum, the desert mistletoe or mesquite mistletoe, is a hemiparasitic plant native to southern California, Nevada, Arizona, Sonora, Sinaloa and Baja California. It can be found in the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts at elevations of up to 1400 m (4600 feet).
The mistletoe berries may attract frugivorous birds (e.g. thrushes) to eat the host juniper's seeds and disperse them. The net benefit on the hosts is difficult to quantify, however. The birds dispersing the host's seeds and benefiting the host, while at the same time dispersing the mistletoe's seeds and spreading the Phoradendron infection.
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