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In chemistry, the ball-and-stick model is a molecular model of a chemical substance which displays both the three-dimensional position of the atoms and the bonds between them. [1] The atoms are typically represented by spheres , connected by rods which represent the bonds.
Lewis structures – also called Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structures, electron dot structures, or Lewis electron dot structures (LEDs) – are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, as well as the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule. [1] [2] [3] Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The ...
For its application as an electrical insulator in integrated circuits, where the conformal growth of a thin film is a prerequisite and the preferred growth mode is atomic layer deposition, Al 2 O 3 films can be prepared by the chemical exchange between trimethylaluminium (Al(CH 3) 3) and H 2 O: [43] 2 Al(CH 3) 3 + 3 H 2 O → Al 2 O 3 + 6 CH 4
This is exemplified best in the case of the hydrogen fluoride molecule, the dot-and-cross diagram of which is shown on the right. Here, the Lewis structure drawn on the left of the image is compared with the LDQ line structure on the right of the image.
The only stable chalcogenides under normal conditions are aluminium sulfide (Al 2 S 3), selenide (Al 2 Se 3), and telluride (Al 2 Te 3). All three are prepared by direct reaction of their elements at about 1,000 °C (1,832 °F) and quickly hydrolyse completely in water to yield aluminium hydroxide and the respective hydrogen chalcogenide.
Aluminium sulfide is a chemical compound with the formula Al 2 S 3. This colorless species has an interesting structural chemistry, existing in several forms. The material is sensitive to moisture, hydrolyzing to hydrated aluminium oxides/hydroxides. [1] This can begin when the sulfide is exposed to the atmosphere.
A diatomic molecular orbital diagram is used to understand the bonding of a diatomic molecule. MO diagrams can be used to deduce magnetic properties of a molecule and how they change with ionization. They also give insight to the bond order of the molecule, how many bonds are shared between the two atoms. [12]
[13] [14] Despite this, the human body produces small amounts of this sulfide and its mineral salts, and uses it as a signalling molecule. [15] Hydrogen sulfide is often produced from the microbial breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen, such as in swamps and sewers; this process is commonly known as anaerobic digestion, which is ...