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Intelligent Actuator, also called IAI, is a robotics design company. It was founded in Japan in 1976. The company designs, manufactures, and markets a complete line of motion control systems. IAI is the world's largest manufacturer of cartesian coordinate robots and is an established leader in low cost, high performance SCARA robots. [1]
A Cartesian coordinate robot (also called linear robot) is an industrial robot whose three principal axes of control are linear (i.e. they move in a straight line rather than rotate) and are at right angles to each other. [1] The three sliding joints correspond to moving the wrist up-down, in-out, back-forth. Among other advantages, this ...
Cartesian manipulators are driven by mutually perpendicular linear actuators. They generally have a one-to-one correspondence between the linear positions of the actuators and the X, Y, Z position coordinates of the moving platform, making them easy to control. Furthermore, Cartesian manipulators do not change the orientation of the moving ...
Sankyo Seiki, Pentel and NEC presented the SCARA robot as a completely new concept for assembly robots in 1981. The robot was developed under the guidance of Hiroshi Makino, [4] a professor at the University of Yamanashi. [2] Its arm was rigid in the Z-axis and pliable in the XY-axes, which allowed it to adapt to holes in the XY-axes. [5] [6]
Cartesian robots, [5] also called rectilinear, gantry robots, and x-y-z robots [6] have three prismatic joints for the movement of the tool and three rotary joints for its orientation in space. To be able to move and orient the effector organ in all directions, such a robot needs 6 axes (or degrees of freedom).
A manipulator can move an object with up to 6 degrees of freedom (DoF), determined by 3 translation 3T and 3 rotation 3R coordinates for full 3T3R mobility. However, when a manipulation task requires less than 6 DoF, the use of lower mobility manipulators, with fewer than 6 DoF, may bring advantages in terms of simpler architecture, easier control, faster motion and lower cost. [2]
The system of six joint axes S i and five common normal lines A i,i+1 form the kinematic skeleton of the typical six degree-of-freedom serial robot. Denavit and Hartenberg introduced the convention that z-coordinate axes are assigned to the joint axes S i and x-coordinate axes are assigned to the common normals A i , i +1 .
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