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The first half of the 18th century saw British optician Edward Scarlett perfect temple eyeglasses which would rest on the nose and the ears. The innovations presented by Scarlett would not only spark some to look at aesthetic customization of eyewear for fashion within Europe but also lead Benjamin Franklin to invent bifocals in colonial America. [12]
Edward Scarlett (1688 – 1743 in London) was an English optician and instrument maker, who first invented an eyeglass frame with earhooks in 1727. This frame is held by the nose and ears, at times the glasses were called in contrast to the nasal cannula and temples because they had short straps that pressed on the temple.
The 17th-century claim by Francesco Redi that Salvino degli Armati of Florence invented eyeglasses in the 13th century has been exposed as erroneous. [47] [48] Marco Polo is mistakenly claimed to have encountered eyeglasses during his travels in China in the 13th century. However, no such evidence appears in his accounts.
Between the 11th and 13th centuries, so-called "reading stones" were invented. Often used by monks to assist in illuminating manuscripts, these were primitive plano-convex lenses, initially made by cutting a glass sphere in half. As the stones were experimented with, it was slowly understood that shallower lenses magnified more effectively ...
Category: Musical instruments of Europe by country. ... Ukrainian musical instruments (48 P) This page was last edited on 18 April 2024, at 20:55 (UTC). ...
The clavichord is an example of a period instrument. In the historically informed performance movement, musicians perform classical music using restored or replicated versions of the instruments for which it was originally written. Often performances by such musicians are said to be "on authentic instruments".
The musical instrument, which has 6 wires and is the main instrument in traditional Iranian music, is produced by Mazzrab. 314.122-4: Ireland: Irish Harp (Cruit or Cláirseach) Polychord wire-strung harp with a fore-pillar 322.221: Ireland: Great Irish Warpipes Píob Mhór: In modern times this instrument is essentially identical to the Great ...
The template for rimless eyeglasses date back to the 1820s, when an Austrian inventor named Johann Friedrich Voigtländer [] marketed a rimless monocle. [2] The design as it is known today arose in the 1880s [3] as a means to alleviate the combined weight of metal frames with heavy glass lenses.