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The Yamartino method, introduced by Robert J. Yamartino in 1984, solves both problems [2] A further discussion of the Yamartino method, along with other methods of estimating the standard deviation of wind direction can be found in Farrugia & Micallef. It is possible to calculate the exact standard deviation in one pass.
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Consequently, a wind blowing from the north has a wind direction referred to as 0° (360°); a wind blowing from the east has a wind direction referred to as 90°, etc. Weather forecasts typically give the direction of the wind along with its speed, for example a "northerly wind at 15 km/h" is a wind blowing from the north at a speed of 15 km/h ...
Wind direction is usually expressed in terms of the direction from which it originates. For example, a northerly wind blows from the north to the south. [8] Weather vanes pivot to indicate the direction of the wind. [9] At airports, windsocks indicate wind direction, and can also be used to estimate wind speed by the angle of hang. [10]
The Tower of the Winds in the agora in Hellenistic Athens once bore on its roof a weather vane in the form of a bronze Triton holding a rod in his outstretched hand, rotating as the wind changed direction. Below this a frieze depicted the eight Greek wind deities. The eight-metre-high structure also featured sundials, and a water clock inside ...
In sailing, apparent wind is the speed and direction of wind indicated by a wind instrument on a moving craft (on water, land or ice) in undisturbed air. It is composed of the combined speeds and directions of the craft and wind observed by a stationary wind instrument—the true wind. A true wind coming from the bow increases the apparent wind ...
Along with wind direction, cloud cover is one of the oldest atmospheric conditions to be coded on a station model. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] The circle in the middle of the station model represents cloud cover. In the United Kingdom , when the observation is taken from an automated weather observation site, the shape is a triangle. [ 10 ]
The wind triangle graphically represents the relationships among velocity vectors used for air navigation. In air navigation, the wind triangle is a graphical representation of the relationship between aircraft motion and wind. It is used extensively in dead reckoning navigation. The wind triangle is a vector diagram, with three vectors.