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The K-factor is the bending capacity of sheet metal, and by extension the forumulae used to calculate this. [1] [2] [3] Mathematically it is an engineering aspect of geometry. [4] Such is its intricacy in precision sheet metal bending [5] (with press brakes in particular) that its proper application in engineering has been termed an art. [4] [5]
The K-factor depends on many variables including the material, the type of bending operation (coining, bottoming, air-bending, etc.) the tools, etc. and is typically between 0.3 and 0.5. The following equation relates the K-factor to the bend allowance: [12] = + /.
K factor (crude oil refining), a system for classifying crude oil; K-factor (fire protection), formula used to calculate the discharge rate from a fire system nozzle; K-factor (metalurgy), formulae used to calculate the bending capacity of sheet metal; K factor (traffic engineering), the proportion of annual average daily traffic occurring in ...
The classic formula for determining the bending stress in a beam under simple bending is: [5] ... ships on water, ... is a shear correction factor. For materials ...
In physics, Hooke's law is an empirical law which states that the force (F) needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance (x) scales linearly with respect to that distance—that is, F s = kx, where k is a constant factor characteristic of the spring (i.e., its stiffness), and x is small compared to the total possible deformation of the spring.
The bending stiffness (EI/L) of a member is represented as the flexural rigidity of the member (product of the modulus of elasticity (E) and the second moment of area (I)) divided by the length (L) of the member. What is needed in the moment distribution method is not the specific values but the ratios of bending stiffnesses between all members.
The global proportionality constant for the flow of water through a porous medium is called the hydraulic conductivity (K, unit: m/s). Permeability, or intrinsic permeability, ( k , unit: m 2 ) is a part of this, and is a specific property characteristic of the solid skeleton and the microstructure of the porous medium itself, independently of ...
The conversion factor k was chosen so that the values for C were the same as in the Chézy formula for the typical hydraulic slope of S=0.001. [9] The value of k is 0.001 −0.04. [10] Typical C factors used in design, which take into account some increase in roughness as pipe ages are as follows: [11]