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The informal First Triumvirate of Julius Caesar, Pompey the Great, and Marcus Licinius Crassus was a loose political alliance arranged in 60 or 59 BC that lasted until the death of Crassus in the Battle of Carrhae in 53 BC; they had no official capacity or function as actual triumviri, and the term is used as a nickname.
The term "First Triumvirate", while well-known, is a misleading one which is regularly avoided by modern scholars of the late republic. Boards of a certain number of men such as decemviri were a feature of Roman administration, but this alliance was not one of them.
A triumvirate (Latin: triumvirātus) or a triarchy is a political institution ruled or dominated by three individuals, known as triumvirs (Latin: triumviri). The arrangement can be formal or informal. Though the three leaders in a triumvirate are notionally equal, the actual distribution of power may vary.
Optimates (/ ˌ ɒ p t ɪ ˈ m eɪ t iː z /, [1] / ˈ ɒ p t ɪ m eɪ t s /; Latin for "best ones"; sg. optimas) and populares (/ ˌ p ɒ p j ʊ ˈ l ɛər iː z,-j ə-,-ˈ l eɪ r iː z /; Latin for "supporters of the people"; [2] sg. popularis) are labels applied to politicians, political groups, traditions, strategies, or ideologies in the late Roman Republic. [3]
Latin/Greek Language English Example Search for titles containing the word or using the prefix: acanthus etc.: G ἄκανθος (ákanthos): thorny, spiny: Acanthus plant; Parorchis acanthus, a flatworm
Lepidus was to become consul and was confirmed as Pontifex Maximus. He would assume control of Rome while they were away. According to Lepidus's biographer Richard D. Weigel, Lepidus' willingness to give up his legions inevitably consigned him to a subsidiary role in the triumvirate. Lepidus had in fact already reached the peak of his power.
The Second Triumvirate was an extraordinary commission and magistracy created at the end of the Roman republic for Mark Antony, Lepidus, and Octavian to give them practically absolute power. It was formally constituted by law on [ 1 ] 27 November 43 BC with a term of five years; it was renewed in 37 BC for another five years before expiring in ...
The Liberators' civil war (43–42 BC) was started by the Second Triumvirate to avenge Julius Caesar's assassination.The war was fought by the forces of Mark Antony and Octavian (the Second Triumvirate members, or Triumvirs) against the forces of Caesar's assassins, led by Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus, referred to as the Liberatores.