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This graph shows different pressure curves for powders with different burn rates. The leftmost graph is the same as the large graph above. The middle graph shows a powder with a 25% faster burn rate, and the rightmost graph shows a powder with a 20% slower burn rate. Energy is the ability to do work on an object. Work is force applied over a ...
The combustion products of smokeless powder are mainly gaseous, compared to around 55% solid products (mostly potassium carbonate, potassium sulfate, and potassium sulfide) for black powder. [1] In addition, smokeless powder does not leave the thick, heavy fouling of hygroscopic material associated with black powder that causes rusting of the ...
The burning rate of this powder is crucial for a firearm to work properly. If it burns too fast, it can create too much pressure. This can damage the weapon and cause injury. If it burns too slow, it may not generate enough pressure to shoot the bullet effectively. Ethyl centralite helps regulate the burning rate of smokeless powder.
The first smokeless powder was developed in 1865 by Johann Edward Schultze. At the time of this breakthrough, Schultze was a captain of Prussian artillery. Schultze eventually rose to the rank of colonel. His formulation (dubbed Schultze Powder) was composed of nitrolignose derived from nitrated wood grains, impregnated with saltpetre or barium ...
[1] The velocity of detonation is an important indicator for overall energy and power of detonation, and in particular for the brisance or shattering effect of an explosive which is due to the detonation pressure.
An IMR smokeless powder for reloading The Hagley Museum in Wilmington, Delaware. IMR Legendary Powders is a line of smokeless powders which are popularly used in sporting and military/police firearm cartridges. The initials 'IMR' stand for Improved Military Rifle powder. IMR powders makes a line of various types of smokeless powder suitable for ...
A substance is characterized by a burn rate vs. pressure chart and burn rate vs temperature chart. Higher burn rate than the speed of sound in the material (usually several km/s): "detonation" A few meters per second: "deflagration" A few centimeters per second: "burn" or "smolder" 0.01 mm/s to 100 mm/s: "decomposing rapidly" to characterise it.
[3]: 287–289 Nitrocellulose produces greater volumes of gas per volume of solid than black powder does, so nitrocellulose bulk powders were less dense than later smokeless powders. Nitrocellulose bulk powders designed for early straight-sided black powder rifle cartridges like the .32-40 and .38-55 were friable and easily crumbled. The ...