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Most U.S. brewers sell beer in 1 / 2 barrels of 15.5 gallons, 1 / 4 barrels of 7.75 gallons, and 1 / 6 barrels of 5.17 gallons. Since keg sizes are not standardized, the keg cannot be used as a standard unit of measure for liquid volumes : despite this, a number of people still refer to kegs as if they were a unit of ...
9 imp gal: 2 pins keg: 58.67 L: 15.5 US gal: 1 ⁄ 2 US beer barrel. kilderkin: 81.83 L: 18 imp gal: 2 firkins US barrel: 117.35 L: 31 US gal [10] 2 kegs UK barrel: 163.66 L: 36 imp gal: 2 kilderkins hogshead: 245.49 L: 54 imp gal: 6 firkins or 3 kilderkins puncheon: 327.32 L: 72 imp gal: 2 barrels butt: 490.98 L: 108 imp gal: 2 hogsheads or 3 ...
A standardized hogshead measured 48 inches (1.22 m) long and 30 inches (76.20 cm) in diameter at the head (at least 550 L or 121 imp gal or 145 US gal, depending on the width in the middle). Fully packed with tobacco, it weighed about 1,000 pounds (454 kg) [ citation needed ] .
[1] [2] They are traditionally made of wooden staves and bound by wooden or metal hoops. The word vat is often used for large containers for liquids, usually alcoholic beverages; [ 3 ] a small barrel or cask is known as a keg .
A basic formula [4] to calculate beer strength based on the difference between the original and final SG is: A B V = 131.25 ( O G − F G ) {\displaystyle ABV=131.25(OG-FG)} The formula below [ 5 ] is an alternate equation which provides more accurate estimates at higher alcohol percentages (it is typically used for beers above 6 or 7%).
Both the 42-US-gallon (159 L) barrels (based on the old English wine measure), the tierce (159 litres) and the 40-US-gallon (150 L) whiskey barrels were used. Also, 45-US-gallon (170 L) barrels were in common use. The 40 gallon whiskey barrel was the most common size used by early oil producers, since they were readily available at the time.
[nb 2] Note that a 252-gallon tun of wine has a mass of approximately 2060 pounds, [6] between a short ton (2000 pounds) and a long ton (2240 pounds). The tun is approximately the volume of a cylinder with both diameter and height of 42 inches, as the gallon was originally a cylinder with diameter of 7 inches and height of 6.
Pressurised CO 2 in the keg's headspace maintains carbonation in the beer. The CO 2 pressure varies depending on the amount of CO 2 already in the beer and the keg storage temperature. Occasionally the CO 2 gas is blended with nitrogen gas. CO 2 / nitrogen blends are used to allow a higher operating pressure in complex dispensing systems.