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Surveys have indicated that about 20% of nonprofit foundations pay their board members, [57] and 2% of American nonprofit organizations do. [58] [59] 80% of nonprofit organizations require board members to personally contribute to the organization. [60] [61] As of 2007, this percentage had increased in recent years. [timeframe?] [62] [63] [64]
In a non-profit corporation, the "agency problem" is even more difficult than in the for-profit sector, because the management of a non-profit is not even theoretically subject to removal by the charitable beneficiaries. The board of directors of most charities is self-perpetuating, with new members chosen by vote of the existing members.
The board of directors has ultimate control over the organization, but typically an executive director is hired. In some cases, the board is elected by a membership, but commonly, the board of directors is self-perpetuating. In these 'board-only' organizations, board members nominate new members and vote on their fellow directors' nominations. [38]
A not-for-profit or non-for-profit organization (NFPO) is a legal entity that does not distribute surplus funds to its members and is formed to fulfill specific objectives. [1] [2] While not-for-profit organizations and non-profit organizations (NPO) are distinct legal entities, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. [3]
[37] [38] A private nonprofit organization, GuideStar, provides information on 501(c)(3) organizations. [39] [40] ProPublica's Nonprofit Explorer provides copies of each organization's Form 990 and, for some organizations, audited financial statements. [41] Open990 is a searchable database of information about organizations over time. [42]
Logo of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), an organization of the United Nations. A nonprofit organization (NPO), also known as a nonbusiness entity, [1] nonprofit institution, [2] or simply a nonprofit, [a] is a non-governmental (private) legal entity organized and operated for a collective, public or social benefit, as opposed to an entity that operates as a business aiming to ...
In the United States, an unincorporated nonprofit association is "an informal group of two or more individuals who join together for a not-for-profit purpose without creating a corporation, LLC, or other entity to do so". [30] The laws governing unincorporated nonprofit associations vary from state to state.
AGB was founded in 1921. [4] It grew out of a conference held at the University of Michigan in 1920. [5] Until the early 1960s the Association of Governing Boards of Universities and Colleges was an affiliation of board members who took turns sharing the leadership and guidance needed to sustain an organization. [6]