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  2. Syneresis crack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syneresis_crack

    Some crack patterns resemble subaerial desiccation cracks (mudcracks), which in turn has caused some confusion as to the differences between desiccation cracks and syneresis cracks. [6] Desiccation mudcracks are usually continuous, polygonal, and have U- or V-shaped cross sections that would have been filled in with sediment from above.

  3. Soil structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_structure

    Soil structure describes the arrangement of the solid parts of the soil and of the pore spaces located between them (Marshall & Holmes, 1979). [1] Aggregation is the result of the interaction of soil particles through rearrangement, flocculation and cementation.

  4. Physical properties of soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_properties_of_soil

    Soil bulk density, when determined at standardized moisture conditions, is an estimate of soil compaction. [3] Soil porosity consists of the void part of the soil volume and is occupied by gases or water. Soil consistency is the ability of soil materials to stick together. Soil temperature and colour are self-defining.

  5. Soil thermal properties - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_thermal_properties

    One possible way of assessing soil thermal properties is the analysis of soil temperature variations versus depth Fourier's law, Q = − λ d T / d z {\displaystyle Q=-\lambda dT/dz\,} where Q is heat flux or rate of heat transfer per unit area J·m −2 ∙s −1 or W·m −2 , λ is thermal conductivity W·m −1 ∙K −1 ; dT / dz is the ...

  6. Soil mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_mechanics

    A phase diagram of soil indicating the masses and volumes of air, solid, water, and voids. There are a variety of parameters used to describe the relative proportions of air, water and solid in a soil. This section defines these parameters and some of their interrelationships. [2] [6] The basic notation is as follows:

  7. Soil morphology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_morphology

    Soil morphology is the branch of soil science dedicated to the technical description of soil, [1] particularly physical properties including texture, color, structure, and consistence. Morphological evaluations of soil are typically performed in the field on a soil profile containing multiple horizons .

  8. Critical state soil mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_state_soil_mechanics

    It's the point at which the soil cannot sustain any additional load without undergoing continuous deformation, in a manner similar to the behaviour of fluids. Certain properties of the soil, like porosity, shear strength, and volume, reach characteristic values. These properties are intrinsic to the type of soil and its initial conditions. [1]

  9. Structural Soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_Soil

    Structural soil is composed of crushed stone (typically limestone or granite) narrowly graded from ¾-1 ½” highly angular with no fines, clay loam which should conform to the USDA soil classification system. The hydrogel is added in a small amount to prevent the separation of the stone and soil during mixing and installation.