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The first small-lift launch vehicle was the Sputnik rocket, launched by the Soviet Union, which was derived from the R-7 Semyorka ICBM. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik rocket was used to perform the world's first satellite launch, placing the Sputnik 1 satellite into a low Earth orbit. [3] [4] [5] The US responded by attempting to launch the ...
The Sputnik rocket was an uncrewed orbital carrier rocket designed by Sergei Korolev in the Soviet Union, derived from the R-7 Semyorka ICBM. On 4 October 1957, it was used to perform the world's first satellite launch, placing Sputnik 1 into a low Earth orbit .
In modified form, it launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, into orbit, and became the basis for the R-7 family which includes Sputnik, Luna, Molniya, Vostok, and Voskhod space launchers, as well as later Soyuz variants. Various modifications are still in use and it has become the world's most reliable space launcher.
When the Soviet space station program began in 1971, Protons began being flown with the Blok D removed for use as a heavy-lift LEO launcher. Proton-K payloads included all of the Soviet Union's Salyut space stations , almost all Mir modules (with the exception of the Docking Module , which was launched on the United States Space Shuttle ), and ...
R-7 Semyorka and its variants used as launchers in the early Soviet space program. The R-7 (Russian: Р-7) rocket family is a series of launch vehicles descended from the Soviet R-7 Semyorka, developed in the 1950s as the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM).
Fifty-eight years ago today on October 4, 1957, Sputnik was launched into orbit by the Soviet Union.
Like many other early Baby Boomers, I have been periodically in awe of our various space adventures since the launch of Sputnik in 1957. I use the expression “periodically in awe,” as ...
Korabl-Sputnik 5 [2] (Russian: Корабль-Спутник 5 meaning Ship-Satellite 5) or Vostok-3KA No.2, also known as Sputnik 10 in the West, [3] was a Soviet spacecraft which was launched in 1961, as part of the Vostok programme. It was the last test flight of the Vostok spacecraft design prior the first crewed flight, Vostok 1.
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