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Filamentation is the anomalous growth of certain bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, in which cells continue to elongate but do not divide (no septa formation). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The cells that result from elongation without division have multiple chromosomal copies.
Filamentation Filamentation allows bacteria to have more surface area for long-term attachments and can interlink themselves with porous surfaces. Caulobacter crescentus : in their niche (freshwater), filament is the regular shape that contributes to their resistance to heat and survival.
Stentor coeruleus, used in molecular biology (its genome has been sequenced), [5] and is studied as a model of single-cell regeneration.; Dictyostelium discoideum, used in molecular biology and genetics (its genome has been sequenced), and is studied as an example of cell communication, differentiation, and programmed cell death.
A bacillus (pl.: bacilli), also called a bacilliform bacterium or often just a rod (when the context makes the sense clear), is a rod-shaped bacterium or archaeon. Bacilli are found in many different taxonomic groups of bacteria. However, the name Bacillus, capitalized and italicized, refers to a specific genus of
Bacillota (synonym Firmicutes) is a phylum of bacteria, most of which have gram-positive cell wall structure. [2] The renaming of phyla such as Firmicutes in 2021 remains controversial among microbiologists, many of whom continue to use the earlier names of long standing in the literature.
[3] [4] Later, by characterizing the phenotypes of mutagenised E. coli, she and post doctoral student Miroslav Radman detailed the SOS response to UV radiation in bacteria. [3] [5] The SOS response to DNA damage was a seminal discovery because it was the first coordinated stress response to be elucidated. [6]
Many cyanobacteria form motile filaments of cells, called hormogonia, that travel away from the main biomass to bud and form new colonies elsewhere. [ 45 ] [ 46 ] The cells in a hormogonium are often thinner than in the vegetative state, and the cells on either end of the motile chain may be tapered.
Inhibition of FtsZ disrupts septum formation, resulting in filamentation of bacterial cells (top right of electron micrograph).. During cell division, FtsZ is the first protein to move to the division site, and is essential for recruiting other proteins that produce a new cell wall between the dividing cells.