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In geometric optics, distortion is a deviation from rectilinear projection; a projection in which straight lines in a scene remain straight in an image.It is a form of optical aberration that may be distinguished from other aberrations such as spherical aberration, coma, chromatic aberration, field curvature, and astigmatism in a sense that these impact the image sharpness without changing an ...
In optics, aberration is a property of optical systems, such as lenses and mirrors, that causes the image created by the optical system to not be a faithful reproduction of the object being observed. Aberrations cause the image formed by a lens to be blurred, distorted in shape or have color fringing or other effects not seen in the object ...
Coma of a single lens. Each cone of light focuses on different planes along the optical axis. In optics (especially telescopes), the coma (/ ˈ k oʊ m ə /), or comatic aberration, in an optical system refers to aberration inherent to certain optical designs or due to imperfection in the lens or other components that results in off-axis point sources such as stars appearing distorted ...
This form of aberration occurs even when the optical system is perfectly symmetrical. This is often referred to as a "monochromatic aberration", because it occurs even for light of a single wavelength. This terminology may be misleading, however, as the amount of aberration can vary strongly with wavelength in an optical system.
Ocular aberrations are distortions in the wavefront passing through the pupil of the eye. These optical aberrations diminish the quality of the image formed on the retina, sometimes necessitating the wearing of spectacles or contact lenses. In the case of retinal imaging, light passing out of the eye carries similar wavefront distortions ...
Higher order aberrations are a relatively small component, comprising about 10% of the eye's total aberrations. [3] High order aberrations increase with age and mirror symmetry exists between the right and the left eyes. [4] Several studies have reported a compensation of the aberration of the cornea by the aberration of the crystalline lens.
This picture is darker at the edges. This variation is called vignetting, and can be corrected by selectively brightening the perimeter of the image.. Flat-field correction (FFC) is a digital imaging technique to mitigate the image detector pixel-to-pixel sensitivity and distortions in the optical path.
Field curvature: the image "plane" (the arc) deviates from a flat surface (the vertical line). Petzval field curvature, named for Joseph Petzval, [1] describes the optical aberration in which a flat object normal to the optical axis (or a non-flat object past the hyperfocal distance) cannot be brought properly into focus on a flat image plane.