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The Second Industrial Revolution was a period of rapid industrial development, primarily in the United Kingdom, Germany, and the United States, but also in France, the Low Countries, Italy and Japan. It followed on from the First Industrial Revolution that began in Britain in the late 18th century that then spread throughout Western Europe.
Economic historians agree that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in human history since the domestication of animals and plants. [17] The precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is still debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes.
The Industrial Revolution brought factories to Europe, especially England and Scotland, 1750s to 1830s. France and the U.S. experienced its industrial revolution in the early 19th century; Germany in the 19th century; and to Russia in the early-mid 20th century.
The Industrial Revolution spread southwards and eastwards from its origins in Northwest Europe. After the Convention of Kanagawa issued by Commodore Matthew C. Perry forced Japan to open the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade, the Japanese government realised that drastic reforms were necessary to stave off Western influence.
Various technological revolutions have been defined as successors of the original Industrial Revolution. The sequence includes: The first Industrial Revolution; The Second Industrial Revolution, also known as the Technological Revolution; The Third Industrial Revolution, better known as the Digital Revolution; The Fourth Industrial Revolution
The Nineteenth Century: Europe 1789–1914 (Short Oxford History of Europe) (2000) 320 pp; Bruun, Geoffrey. Europe and the French Imperium, 1799–1814 (1938) online. Cameron, Rondo. France and the Economic Development of Europe, 1800–1914: Conquests of Peace and Seeds of War (1961), awide-ranging economic and business history. Evans, Richard J.
Data from the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) shows European automakers’ market share in the EU fell from 74.2% to 70.6% between 2019 and 2022. China’s share, meanwhile ...
Political boundaries at the beginning of year 1700 Storming of the Bastille, 14 July 1789, an iconic event of the French Revolution. Development of the Watt steam engine in the late 18th century was an important element in the Industrial Revolution in Europe. The American Revolutionary War took place in the late 18th century.