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A mandalam (maṇḍalam meaning circle; [2] also known as pāḍi) was the largest territorial division during the Chola dynasty. At its height, the state was divided into nine mandalams which included areas in Sri Lanka and other conquered areas. [3] The two core mandalams were Chola-mandalam and Jayangondachola-mandalam. [4]
The mandalams of the Chola empire, early 12th century CE. The Government of the Chola empire was monarchical, similar to the Sangam age. The empire consisted of various kingdoms, vassals, chiefdoms and areas of influence owning alliance to the Emperor. [49] Several of these vassalages had some degree of autonomy. [50]
Chola Nadu is an ancient region spanning on the current state of Tamil Nadu and union territory of Puducherry in southern India. It encompasses the lower reaches of the Kaveri River and its delta, and formed the cultural homeland and political base of the Chola Dynasty which ruled large parts of India and Sri Lanka between the 9th and 13th ...
English: * Medieval south India: chieftaincies in Chera kingdom and Chola mandalams. Based on the map provided by Noboru Karishma (who credits Y. Subbarayalu) in A Concise History of South India (2014). Some elements missing from Karashima's map have been sourced from Subbarayalu's book directly. The spellings are as per Karashima (2014).
The Three Crowned Kings, [a] were the triumvirate of Chera, Chola and Pandya who dominated the politics of the ancient Tamil country, Tamilakam, from their three Nadu (countries) of Chola Nadu, Pandya Nadu (present day Madurai and Tirunelveli) and Chera Nadu (present day Kerala and some parts of Tamilnadu) in southern India.
This is a list of countries by population in 1000. The bulk of these numbers are sourced from Alexander V. Avakov's Two Thousand Years of Economic Statistics, Volume 1, pages 12 to 14, which cover population figures from the year 1000 divided into modern borders. Avakov, in turn, cites a variety of sources, mostly Angus Maddison.
The Early Cholas were a Tamil kingdom of the Chola dynasty - pre and post Sangam period (600 BCE–300 CE). It was one of the three main kingdoms of Tamilakam . Their early capitals were Urayur or Tiruchirapalli and Kaveripattinam .
Ilamchetchenni (Iḷamcēṭceṉṉi; [iɭəmt͡ɕeːt͡ɕːsen̪ːi]) was an early Tamil king of the Chola dynasty during the Sangam period. He was a great warrior and ruled the Chola kingdom with Uraiyur as the capital. He married a Velir princess from Alundur and their child was Karikala Chola. [1]