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Chlormadinone acetate (CMA), sold under the brand names Belara, Gynorelle, Lutéran, and Prostal among others, is a progestin and antiandrogen medication which is used in birth control pills to prevent pregnancy, as a component of menopausal hormone therapy, in the treatment of gynecological disorders, and in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions like enlarged prostate and prostate ...
All contain an estrogen, ethinylestradiol or mestranol, [1] [2] in varying amounts, and one of a number of different progestogens. (Regarding the estrogen, the inactive 3-methyl ether of ethinylestradiol, which must be metabolized by the liver into the active ethinylestradiol; 50 μg of mestranol is equivalent to only 35 μg of ethinylestradiol and should not be used when high-dose [50 μg ...
Cyproterone acetate, the most well-known and widely used steroidal antiandrogen. Steroid ring system. ... Chlormadinone acetate = 17α-acetoxy-6-chloro- ...
Estradiol and norethisterone acetate (Activella, Amabelz) – 1 mg / 0.5 mg; 0.5 mg / 0.1 mg Ethinylestradiol and norethisterone acetate (FemHRT) – 25 μg / 0.5 mg Estradiol/progesterone (TX-001HR), a combination of estradiol and progesterone in oil-filled capsules, is currently pending approval.
Cyproterone is a potent antiandrogen, similarly to CPA. [5] [6] However, it has approximately three-fold lower potency as an antagonist of the androgen receptor (AR) relative to CPA. [6] Like CPA, cyproterone is actually a weak partial agonist of the AR, and hence has the potential for both antiandrogenic and androgenic activity in some ...
The side effects of cyproterone acetate (CPA), a steroidal antiandrogen and progestin, including its frequent and rare side effects, have been studied and characterized.It is generally well-tolerated and has a mild side-effect profile, regardless of dosage, when it used as a progestin or antiandrogen in combination with an estrogen such as ethinylestradiol or estradiol valerate in women.
Testosterone levels with 100 to 300 mg/day oral cyproterone acetate and low-dose oral estrogen in men. [160] The estrogen used was 0.1 mg/day diethylstilbestrol (DES), [160] which has been described as an "extremely low" dosage. [87] Levels of testosterone were decreased by about 95% with the combination and by about 61% with cyproterone ...
[102] [123] Conversely, the risk of VTE in transgender women is much lower with oral or transdermal estradiol plus high-dose cyproterone acetate. [102] [123] Ethinylestradiol is thought to have been primarily responsible for the VTE risk, but cyproterone acetate may have contributed as well. [102]