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  2. Symmetric mean absolute percentage error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_mean_absolute...

    The earliest reference to a similar formula appears to be Armstrong (1985, p. 348), where it is called "adjusted MAPE" and is defined without the absolute values in the denominator. It was later discussed, modified, and re-proposed by Flores (1986).

  3. Mean absolute percentage error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_absolute_percentage_error

    The use of the MAPE as a loss function for regression analysis is feasible both on a practical point of view and on a theoretical one, since the existence of an optimal model and the consistency of the empirical risk minimization can be proved.

  4. Root mean square deviation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_mean_square_deviation

    In control theory, the RMSE is used as a quality measure to evaluate the performance of a state observer. [ 10 ] In fluid dynamics , normalized root mean square deviation (NRMSD), coefficient of variation (CV), and percent RMS are used to quantify the uniformity of flow behavior such as velocity profile, temperature distribution, or gas species ...

  5. Mean absolute error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_absolute_error

    This is in contrast to RMSE which involves squaring the differences, so that a few large differences will increase the RMSE to a greater degree than the MAE. [ 4 ] Optimality property

  6. Mean absolute scaled error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_absolute_scaled_error

    This page was last edited on 21 December 2024, at 20:13 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.

  7. Error metric - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_metric

    This page was last edited on 25 December 2021, at 09:39 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.

  8. Electricity price forecasting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_price_forecasting

    Yet more has to be done. A selection of the better-performing measures (weighted-MAE, seasonal MASE or RMSSE) should be used either exclusively or in conjunction with the more popular ones (MAPE, RMSE). The empirical results should be further tested for the significance of the differences in forecasting accuracies of the models. [103] [104] [105]

  9. Coefficient of determination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient_of_determination

    Ordinary least squares regression of Okun's law.Since the regression line does not miss any of the points by very much, the R 2 of the regression is relatively high.. In statistics, the coefficient of determination, denoted R 2 or r 2 and pronounced "R squared", is the proportion of the variation in the dependent variable that is predictable from the independent variable(s).