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Rhamnus cathartica, the European buckthorn, [3] common buckthorn, purging buckthorn, or just buckthorn, is a species of small tree in the flowering plant family Rhamnaceae. It is native to Europe, northwest Africa and western Asia, from the central British Isles south to Morocco , and east to Kyrgyzstan . [ 4 ]
Rhamnus pumila, dwarf buckthorn. Rhamnus is a genus of about 140 accepted species of shrubs or small trees, commonly known as buckthorns, in the family Rhamnaceae.Its species range from 1 to 10 m (3 to 33 ft) tall (rarely to 15 m, 50 ft) and are native mainly in east Asia and North America, but found throughout the temperate and subtropical Northern Hemisphere, and also more locally in the ...
More than 90% or about 1,500,000 ha (3,700,000 acres) of the world's natural sea buckthorn habitat is found in China, Mongolia, Russia, and most parts of Northern Europe. [4] Sea buckthorn USDA hardiness zones are about 3 through 7. [4] In some areas it is considered invasive, due to its ability to outcompete smaller native species. [6]
Rhamnus alnifolia is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family known by the common names alderleaf buckthorn, [1] or alder buckthorn. Unlike other "buckthorns", this alder buckthorn does not have thorns. [2] It is native to North America, and can be found in forested habitat.
Hippophae rhamnoides, also known as sea buckthorn, [2] [3]: 277 sandthorn, sallowthorn or seaberry, is a species of flowering plant in the family Elaeagnaceae, native to cold-temperate regions of Eurasia. It is a spiny deciduous shrub.
Frangula caroliniana, commonly called the Carolina buckthorn, [3] is a deciduous upright shrub or small tree native to the southeastern, south-central, and mid-western parts of the United States, from Texas east to Florida and north as far as Maryland, Ohio, Missouri, and Oklahoma. [4]
Frangula californica (previously classified as Rhamnus californica) is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family native to western North America. [3] [4] [5] It produces edible fruits and seeds. [6] It is commonly known as California coffeeberry and California buckthorn.
Rhamnus alaternus is an evergreen shrub 1–5 metres (3 ft 3 in – 16 ft 5 in) high. [3] The stems have reddish bark and pubescent young branches, rounded and compact foliage with alternating leaves, 2–6 centimetres (0.79–2.36 in) long, [3] sometimes nearly opposite, oval or lanceolate, leathery, shiny green, yellowish-green underneath.