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Discitis, or diskitis, is an infection in the intervertebral disc space that affects different age groups. Symptoms include severe back pain, leading to lack of mobility. In adults, it can lead to severe consequences, such as sepsis or epidural abscess, but it can also spontaneously resolve, especially in children under 8 years of age.
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis from the disease spectrum of axial spondyloarthritis. [5] It is characterized by long-term inflammation of the joints of the spine, typically where the spine joins the pelvis. [2]
Arachnoiditis can be difficult to treat and treatment is generally limited to alleviation of pain and other symptoms. [25] While arachnoiditis may not yet be curable with the potential to be life-altering, management including medication, physical therapy , and if appropriate, psychotherapy, can help patients cope with the difficulties it presents.
Infections of the central nervous system (CNS) consist of infections primarily of the brain and spinal cord. They include mostly viral infections, less commonly bacterial infections, fungal infections, prion diseases and protozoan infections. Neonatal meningitis is a particular classification by age.
There are many recognized spinal diseases, some more common than others. Spinal disease also includes cervical spine diseases, which are diseases in the vertebrae of the neck. A lot of flexibility exists within the cervical spine and because of that, it is common for an individual to damage that area, especially over a long period of time.
Spinal fusion is a common approach to destroying the microorganism causing the disease and rebuilding parts of the spine that were lost due to the infection. Fusions can be approached anteriorly or posteriorly, or both, depending on where the infection is located in the vertebral area.
In cases of acute back pain, MRI is recommended for those with major risk factors or clinical suspicion of cancer, spinal infection or severe progressive neurological deficits. [38] For patients with subacute to chronic back pain, MRI is recommended if minor risk factors exist for cancer, ankylosing spondylitis or vertebral compression fracture ...
Treatment of the relatively rare fungal osteomyelitis as mycetoma infection entails the use of antifungal medications. [9] In contrast to bacterial osteomyelitis, amputation or large bony resections is more common in neglected fungal osteomyelitis (mycetoma) where infections of the foot account for the majority of cases.