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In computing, a here document (here-document, here-text, heredoc, hereis, here-string or here-script) is a file literal or input stream literal: it is a section of a source code file that is treated as if it were a separate file.
Standard input is a stream from which a program reads its input data. The program requests data transfers by use of the read operation. Not all programs require stream input. For example, the dir and ls programs (which display file names contained in a directory) may take command-line arguments, but perform their operations without any stream ...
Shell programming Mandatory Shell, the standard command language interpreter Version 7 AT&T UNIX (in earlier versions, sh was either the Thompson shell or the PWB shell) sleep: Shell programming Mandatory Suspend execution for an interval Version 4 AT&T UNIX sort: Text processing Mandatory Sort, merge, or sequence check text files Version 1 AT ...
Ian Darwin's implementation adds -s 'special files', -k 'keep-going' or -r 'raw' (examples below), among many others. [6] The command tells only what the file looks like, not what it is (in the case where file looks at the content). It is easy to fool the program by putting a magic number into a file the content of which does not match it.
The shell also permitted you to use shell scripts as filters, providing integrated support for handling signals, but lacked the ability to define functions. Finally, it incorporated a number of features we use today, including command substitution (using back quotes) and HERE documents to embed preserved string literals within a script."
In the above example, the find utility feeds the input of xargs with a long list of file names. xargs then splits this list into sublists and calls rm once for every sublist. Some implementations of xargs can also be used to parallelize operations with the -P maxprocs argument to specify how many parallel processes should be used to execute the ...
Editing a FreeBSD shell script for configuring ipfirewall. A shell script is a computer program designed to be run by a Unix shell, a command-line interpreter. [1] The various dialects of shell scripts are considered to be command languages. Typical operations performed by shell scripts include file manipulation, program execution, and printing ...
There are many variants of Unix shell: Bourne shell sh. Almquist shell (ash) Debian Almquist shell (dash) Bash (Unix shell) bash; KornShell ksh. Z shell zsh; C shell csh. TENEX C shell tcsh; Ch shell ch; Emacs shell eshell; Friendly interactive shell fish; PowerShell pwsh; rc shell rc, a shell for Plan 9 from Bell Labs and Unix; Stand-alone ...