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  2. Cheek - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheek

    The cheek is the most common location from which a DNA sample can be taken. (Some saliva is collected from inside the mouth, e.g. using a cotton-tipped rod called a swab or "Q-Tip". The procedure of collecting a sample in that way is typically called a "cheek swab".)

  3. Sputum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputum

    Sputum is mucus that is coughed up from the lower airways (the trachea and bronchi).In medicine, sputum samples are usually used for a naked eye examination, microbiological investigation of respiratory infections and cytological investigations of respiratory systems.

  4. Buccal swab - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buccal_swab

    A buccal swab, also known as buccal smear, is a way to collect DNA from the cells on the inside of a person's cheek. Buccal swabs are a relatively non-invasive way to collect DNA samples for testing .

  5. Maryland v. King - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maryland_v._King

    The DNA is collected using a buccal swab, which is a brush inside of the cheek. The DNA from the cheek cells in the swab is replicated, is given a restriction enzyme digest, and is electrophoresed. Electrophoresis separates DNA segments by their size, and different people have unique sizes of segments of DNA because of variations in the DNA ...

  6. Immunocytochemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunocytochemistry

    Immunocytochemistry is a technique used to assess the presence of a specific protein or antigen in cells (cultured cells, cell suspensions) by use of a specific antibody, which binds to it, thereby allowing visualization and examination under a microscope. It is a valuable tool for the determination of cellular contents from individual cells.

  7. Bacterial cellular morphologies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterial_cellular...

    Cocci is an English loanword of a modern or Neo-Latin noun, which in turn stems from the Greek masculine noun κόκκος (cóccos) meaning 'berry'. [ 6 ] Important human diseases caused by coccoid bacteria include staphylococcal infections, some types of food poisoning , some urinary tract infections , toxic shock syndrome , gonorrhea , as ...

  8. Granuloma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granuloma

    An important feature of granulomas is whether or not they contain necrosis, which refers to dead cells that, under the microscope, appear as a mass of formless debris with no nuclei present. A related term, caseation (literally: turning to cheese ) refers to a form of necrosis that, to the unaided eye, appears cheese-like ("caseous"), and is ...

  9. DNA paternity testing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_paternity_testing

    Under this form of testing, the blood types of the child and parents are compared, and it can be determined whether there is any possibility of a parental link. For example, two O blood type parents can produce a child only with an O blood type, and two parents with a B blood type can produce a child with either a B or an O blood type.