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In art, a study is a drawing, sketch or painting done in preparation for a finished piece, as visual notes, or as practice. [1] Studies are often used to understand the problems involved in rendering subjects and to plan the elements to be used in finished works, such as light, color, form, perspective and composition. [2]
Perspective drawing is useful for representing a three-dimensional scene in a two-dimensional medium, like paper. It is based on the optical fact that for a person an object looks N times (linearly) smaller if it has been moved N times further from the eye than the original distance was.
One of the earliest examples of this type is the rabbit–duck illusion, first published in Fliegende Blätter, a German humor magazine. [1] Other classic examples are the Rubin vase , [ 2 ] and the " My Wife and My Mother-in-Law " drawing, the latter dating from a German postcard of 1888.
Leonardo da Vinci was one who championed the pure study of nature and wished to depict the whole range of individual varieties of forms in the human figure and other things. [5] Leon Battista Alberti was an early idealizer, stressing the typical, [ 6 ] with others such as Michelangelo supporting the selection of the most beautiful – he ...
The purpose of a cutaway drawing is to "allow the viewer to have a look into an otherwise solid opaque object. Instead of letting the inner object shine through the surrounding surface, parts of outside object are simply removed. This produces a visual appearance as if someone had cutout a piece of the object or sliced it into parts.
Art criticism includes a descriptive aspect, [3] where the work of art is sufficiently translated into words so as to allow a case to be made. [2] [3] [7] [11] The evaluation of a work of art that follows the description (or is interspersed with it) depends as much on the artist's output as on the experience of the critic.
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The objective can be clarity or effective communication, association with other cultural elements, or merely the creation of a distinctive style. Graphics can be functional or artistic. The latter can be a recorded version, such as a photograph , or an interpretation by a scientist to highlight essential features, or an artist, in which case ...