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The size and simple design show the high skill level of Egyptian design and engineering on a large scale. [27] The Great Pyramid of Giza , which was probably completed c. 2580 BC , is the oldest of the Giza pyramids and the largest pyramid in the world, and is the only surviving monument of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World .
The Cairo Tower, a 187-meter tall observation tower with a lotus-motif design, was built between 1955 and 1961 [99] and designed by Egyptian architect Naoum Shebib. [100] It was the tallest all-concrete structure in the world upon completion [99] and it is the most recognizable symbol of post-1952 Egyptian architecture. [100]
870 AD Ahmad ibn Tulun Palace at al-Qatta'i in Old Cairo. [9] 12th century Fatimid Great Palaces (the Great Eastern Palace and the Western Palace) around the Bayn al-Qasrayn area in Historic Cairo. [10] [11] 12th century Cairo Citadel, an Ayyubid dynasty palace [12] 13th century Sultan al-Salih palace in Rhoda Island in Nile in Cairo. [13] [14]
The logistics of construction at the Giza site are staggering when you think that the ancient Egyptians had no pulleys, no wheels, and no iron tools. Yet, the dimensions of the pyramid are extremely accurate and the site was leveled within a fraction of an inch over the entire 13.1-acre base.
Based on the layout of the building and the artifacts found inside, archaeologists identified the structure as an ancient royal rest house built for King Thutmose III.
Layout of the mortuary complex, excluding the valley temple. In order: A) main pyramid; B) cult pyramid; C) enclosure wall; D) mortuary temple; and E) causeway [39] Old Kingdom mortuary complexes typically consist of five main components: (1) a valley temple; (2) a causeway; (3) a mortuary temple; (4) a cult pyramid; and (5) the main pyramid. [40]
Architecture as practiced in Ancient Egypt. Note — for actual ancient Egyptian buildings, see: Category: Archaeological sites in Egypt. Subcategories.
Perspective view, plan and elevation images Djoser's Pyramid Complex taken from a 3d model Statue of King Djoser. Djoser was the first or second king of the 3rd Dynasty (c. 2670 –2650 BC) of the Old Kingdom of Egypt (c. 2686 – c. 2125 BC). [1]