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Akin osteotomy is a surgical procedure often used in the treatment of hallux valgus deformity, more commonly known as a bunion. [1] A bunion is a bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of the big toe, often resulting in the toe pointing abnormally toward the second toe.
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A bunion, also known as hallux valgus, is a deformity of the MTP joint connecting the big toe to the foot. [2] The big toe often bends towards the other toes and the joint becomes red and painful. [2] The onset of bunions is typically gradual. [2] Complications may include bursitis or arthritis. [2] The exact cause is unclear. [1]
Hallux varus is a clinical condition characterized by medial deviation of the great toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint. [ 2 ] This condition, when acquired by adults, is usually caused by sports injury, surgical overcorrection of hallux valgus , or underlying causes such as arthritides .
It is correct for a knock-kneed deformity to be called both a varus deformity at the hip (coxa vara) and a valgus deformity at the knee (genu valgum); although the common terminology is to simply refer to it as a valgus knee. When the terminology refers to a bone rather than a joint, the distal segment of the bone is being described.
Treatment: For pain and swelling, [3] rest, icing, elevation and pain medication; wearing wide, flat, comfortable, stiff-soled shoes; for smaller toes, buddy wrapping (taping the toe to the nearest toe, with some absorbent padding in-between); [4] [5] rarely, a cast or surgery [4] Medication: Over-the-counter painkillers [4] Prognosis
Hallux rigidus or stiff big toe is degenerative arthritis and stiffness due to bone spurs that affects the metatarsophalangeal joints (MTP) at the base of the hallux (big toe). Hallux flexus was initially described by Davies-Colley [ 1 ] in 1887 as a plantar flexed posture of phalanx relative to the metatarsal head.
Treatment of flat feet may also be appropriate if there is associated foot or lower-leg pain, or if the condition affects the knees or the lower back. Treatment may include foot gymnastics or other exercises as recommended by a podiatrist or physical therapist. In cases of severe flat feet, orthoses should be used through a gradual process to ...