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[citation needed] It is commonly used for smooth muscle-relaxant properties as a bronchodilator and tocolytic. It is classified by the World Anti-Doping Agency as an anabolic agent, not as a β 2 agonist. [4] Clenbuterol is prescribed for treatment of respiratory diseases for horses, and as an obstetrical aid in cattle. [5]
Although some such as clenbuterol are used without medical approval for weight loss, none have achieved approval for this indication due to cardiac risks. [18] [19] The anti-obesity effects of amphetamines, besides acting on the brain to reduce energy intake, are also mediated by the beta-2 adrenergic receptor.
They are primarily used to treat asthma and other pulmonary disorders. Bronchodilators are considered an important treatment regime for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and are usually used in combination with short acting medications and long acting medications in a combined inhaler.
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Overdosing is the greatest risk associated with clenbuterol use, since overdosing causes tachychardia and hypokalemia ([2] (extremely fast heartbeats and dangerously low levels of potassium) which among people with an underlying disease can lead to heart attacks or strokes.
This is a list of psychiatric medications used by psychiatrists and other physicians to treat mental illness or distress. The list is ordered alphabetically according to the condition or conditions, then by the generic name of each medication. The list is not exhaustive and not all drugs are used regularly in all countries.
When combined with inhaled steroids, β adrenoceptor agonists can improve symptoms. [1] [2] In children this benefit is uncertain and they may be potentially harmful. [2]They should not be used without an accompanying steroid due to an increased risk of severe symptoms, including exacerbation in both children and adults. [3]
According to Dr. Kirsten Hokeness, Ph.D., immunologist and professor of biological and biomedical sciences at Bryant University, Disease X is a hypothetical pathogen.