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The eastern mud turtle is a small and often hard to identify species. It measures 3–4 in (7.6–10.2 cm) in carapace length. The carapace is keelless, lacks any pattern, and varies in color from yellowish to black.
The yellow mud turtle (Kinosternon flavescens), [3] also commonly known as the yellow-necked mud turtle, [4] is a species of mud turtle in the family Kinosternidae. The species is endemic to the Central United States and Mexico .
The Kinosternidae are a family of mostly small turtles that includes the mud turtles and musk turtles. The family contains 25 species within four genera, but taxonomic reclassification is an ongoing process, so many sources vary on the exact numbers of species and subspecies.
Mud turtles live in the ground layer on the bed of bodies of slowly-flowing or still water. By burrowing deeply into mud, mud turtles are protected from danger. They occasionally like to bask in the sun.
The underside of the turtle can be brown, grey, black, or yellow. The upper jaw has a blunt, smooth shape. The head of an adult is generally uniform in color. As in all side-necked turtles, the neck retracts the head sideways instead of vertically into the shell. [4] This species may be confused with the West African mud turtle.
The West African mud turtle (Pelusios castaneus), also known as the West African side-necked turtle or swamp terrapin, [3] is a species of turtle in the family Pelomedusidae. Pelusios castaneus is a freshwater species and is endemic to West and Central Africa .
Pelusios broadleyi, commonly known as the Turkana mud turtle, Broadley's mud turtle, [2] or the Lake Turkana hinged terrapin, [4] is a species of turtle in the family Pelomedusidae. The species is native to eastern Africa .
The Arizona mud turtle (Kinosternon stejnegeri) [4] is a species of mud turtle in the family Kinosternidae found in the deserts of Arizona (United States) [3] and Sonora (Mexico). It is a semi-aquatic turtle. [5] [6] It lives in impermanent puddles, and avoids permanent rivers and lakes. [7]