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Perturbation or perturb may refer to: . Perturbation theory, mathematical methods that give approximate solutions to problems that cannot be solved exactly; Perturbation (geology), changes in the nature of alluvial deposits over time
The earliest use of what would now be called perturbation theory was to deal with the otherwise unsolvable mathematical problems of celestial mechanics: for example the orbit of the Moon, which moves noticeably differently from a simple Keplerian ellipse because of the competing gravitation of the Earth and the Sun.
The secular variation of a time series is its long-term, non-periodic variation (see Decomposition of time series).Whether a variation is perceived as secular or not depends on the available timescale: a variation that is secular over a timescale of centuries may be a segment of what is, over a timescale of millions of years, a periodic variation.
Orbital perturbations (1 C, 13 P) Pages in category "Perturbation theory" The following 23 pages are in this category, out of 23 total.
Perturbation theory is an important tool for describing real quantum systems, as it turns out to be very difficult to find exact solutions to the Schrödinger equation for Hamiltonians of even moderate complexity.
The duality gap is the difference of the right and left hand side of the inequality (,) (,),where is the convex conjugate in both variables. [3] [4]For any choice of perturbation function F weak duality holds.
Each case uses its governing equations to compute gravitational and pressure forces which cause small perturbations to grow and eventually seed the formation of stars, quasars, galaxies and clusters. Both cases apply only to situations where the universe is predominantly homogeneous, such as during cosmic inflation and large parts of the Big Bang.
In astronomy, perturbation is the complex motion of a massive body subjected to forces other than the gravitational attraction of a single other massive body. [1] The other forces can include a third (fourth, fifth, etc.) body, resistance, as from an atmosphere, and the off-center attraction of an oblate or otherwise misshapen body.