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Human infectious diseases may be characterized by their case fatality rate (CFR), the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it (cf. mortality rate).It should not be confused with the infection fatality rate (IFR), the estimated proportion of people infected by a disease-causing agent, including asymptomatic and undiagnosed infections, who die from the disease.
Poliomyelitis (/ ˌ p oʊ l i oʊ ˌ m aɪ ə ˈ l aɪ t ɪ s / POH-lee-oh-MY-ə-LY-tiss), commonly shortened to polio, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus. [1] Approximately 75% of cases are asymptomatic; [5] mild symptoms which can occur include sore throat and fever; in a proportion of cases more severe symptoms develop such as headache, neck stiffness, and paresthesia.
The vaccine derived from this strain, novel oral polio virus type 2 (nOPV2), was granted emergency licencing in 2021, and subsequently full licensure in December 2023. [75] Genetically stabilsed vaccines targeting poliovirus types 1 and 3 are in development, with the intention that these will eventually completely replace the Sabin vaccines.
The virus infects the throat and intestines, and can cause flu-like symptoms. Paralysis from the polio virus is rare. This year, polio cases have been detected in New York state, London and Jerusalem.
Most cases of polio are in children under 5 years old, but experts say being vaccinated protects against the potentially fatal disease. (Photo: Getty Images) (Getty Images/iStockphoto)
A few could contract meningitis if the polio virus attacks the covering of the spinal cord or brain. Polio is fatal for 2%-10% of those paralyzed or between 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 10,000 of those ...
Influenza A virus subtype H3N2: 1–4 million [187] [203] [204] 1971 Staphorst polio epidemic 1971 Staphorst, Netherlands Poliomyelitis: 5 [207] 1972 Yugoslav smallpox outbreak: 1972 Yugoslavia: Smallpox: 35 [208] London flu: 1972–1973 United States Influenza A virus subtype H3N2: 1,027 [209] 1973 Italy cholera epidemic 1973 Italy Cholera (El ...
Polio is an infection caused by a virus that mostly affects children under 5. Most people infected with polio don’t have any symptoms, but it can cause fever, headaches, vomiting and stiffness ...