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Side effects of droxidopa include headache, dizziness, nausea, and hypertension, among others. [2] Droxidopa is a synthetic amino acid precursor which acts as a prodrug to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine (noradrenaline). [4] Hence, it acts as a non-selective agonist of the α-and β-adrenergic receptors.
Atipamezole, sold under the brand name Antisedan among others, is a synthetic α 2 adrenergic receptor antagonist used for the reversal of the sedative and analgesic effects of dexmedetomidine and medetomidine in dogs. Its reversal effect works by competing with the sedative for α 2-adrenergic receptors and displacing them.
Serotonin, being a tryptamine (non-catecholamine) involved in higher brain functions, can cause dangerous hypertension and tachycardia from its effects on the sympathetic nervous system. [23] Symptoms caused by excessive adrenergic signalling can occur alongside those of serotonergic signalling.
Norepinephrine is a catecholamine and a phenethylamine. [4] Its structure differs from that of epinephrine only in that epinephrine has a methyl group attached to its nitrogen, whereas the methyl group is replaced by a hydrogen atom in norepinephrine. [4]
Examples of sympathomimetic effects include increases in heart rate, force of cardiac contraction, and blood pressure. [1] The primary endogenous agonists of the sympathetic nervous system are the catecholamines (i.e., epinephrine [adrenaline], norepinephrine [noradrenaline], and dopamine ), which function as both neurotransmitters and hormones .
It is the same molecule as the hormone and neurotransmitter norepinephrine. [2] It is given by slow injection into a vein. [2] Common side effects include headache, slow heart rate, and anxiety. [2] Other side effects include an irregular heartbeat. [2] If it leaks out of the vein at the site it is being given, norepinephrine can result in limb ...
A catecholamine (/ ˌ k æ t ə ˈ k oʊ l ə m iː n /; abbreviated CA) is a monoamine neurotransmitter, an organic compound that has a catechol (benzene with two hydroxyl side groups next to each other) and a side-chain amine. [1] Catechol can be either a free molecule or a substituent of a larger molecule, where it represents a 1,2 ...
Many tricyclic antidepressants, tetracyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics, ergolines, and some piperazines like buspirone, trazodone, nefazodone, etoperidone, and mepiprazole antagonize α 1-adrenergic receptors as well, which contributes to their side effects such as orthostatic hypotension.