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The Apache web server returns 403 Forbidden in response to requests for URL [3] paths that corresponded to file system directories when directory listings have been disabled in the server and there is no Directory Index directive to specify an existing file to be returned to the browser.
403 Forbidden The request contained valid data and was understood by the server, but the server is refusing action. This may be due to the user not having the necessary permissions for a resource or needing an account of some sort, or attempting a prohibited action (e.g. creating a duplicate record where only one is allowed).
With the Apache web server, for example, this behavior is provided by the mod_autoindex module [9] and controlled by the Options +Indexes directive [10] in the web server configuration files. These automated directory listings are sometimes a security risk because they enumerate sensitive files which may not be intended for public access, in a ...
The request/response message consists of the following: Request line, such as GET /logo.gif HTTP/1.1 or Status line, such as HTTP/1.1 200 OK,; Headers; An empty line; Optional HTTP message body data
An opportunity to raise a "File Download" dialogue box for a known MIME type with binary format or suggest a filename for dynamic content. Quotes are necessary with special characters. Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="fname.ext" Permanent RFC 2616, 4021, 6266: Content-Encoding: The type of encoding used on the data. See HTTP compression.
Byte serving can also be used by multihomed clients to simultaneously download a resource over multiple network interfaces. [6] To achieve this type of application-layer link aggregation, multiple HTTP sessions are established and logical file segments are collaboratively downloaded from the server and reassembled at the client. This allows ...
The general format of the field is: [2] X-Forwarded-For: client, proxy1, proxy2 where the value is a comma+space separated list of IP addresses, the left-most being the original client, and each successive proxy that passed the request adding the IP address where it received the request from.
The Upgrade header field is an HTTP header field introduced in HTTP/1.1.In the exchange, the client begins by making a cleartext request, which is later upgraded to a newer HTTP protocol version or switched to a different protocol.