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In medicine and medical anthropology, a culture-bound syndrome, ... is the culture-specific disorders defined in Annex 2 of the Diagnostic criteria for research. [1]
Hwabyeong is known as a Korean culture-bound syndrome. [2] Hwabyeong is a colloquial name, and it refers to the etiology of the disorder rather than its symptoms or apparent characteristics. In one survey, 4.1% of the general population in a rural area in South Korea were reported as having hwabyeong.
In the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (), locura is classified as a culture-bound syndrome.Culture-bound syndromes can be found in an appendix of the manual named, Outline for Cultural Formulation and Glossary of Culture-Bound Syndromes. [4]
This culture-bound syndrome is a social phobia based on fear and anxiety. [ citation needed ] The symptoms of this disorder include avoiding social outings and activities, rapid heartbeat , shortness of breath , panic attacks , trembling , and feelings of dread and panic when around people.
It is considered to be a form of a culture-bound syndrome, although more recent studies (see Skepticism section) question whether it exists at all. Piblokto is also part of the glossary of cultural bound syndromes found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). [3]
Koro is a culture bound delusional disorder in which individuals have an overpowering belief that their sex organs are retracting and will disappear, despite the lack of any true longstanding changes to the genitals. [1] [2] Koro is also known as shrinking penis, and was listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
When the Western medical community encountered abnormal conditions presenting in patients practicing qigong, they used the term "Qi-gong psychotic reaction" and classified the disorder as a culture-bound syndrome in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) of the American Psychiatric Association. It is described as
This has led to the term "culture-bound syndrome". It must be stressed that the term BD long predates any such socio-cultural, ethnic, or regional uses. The African and Caribbean nuances of the diagnosis and presentation of BD has been extensively reviewed by Henry Murphy. [27]