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Direct comparison with A-weighted sound pressure level, which is used for many other environmental sound measurements, is not possible because PNdB is a noisiness metric rather than a sound pressure metric. The term "cumulative" EPNdB is the combination of the noise margins from the three ratings.
Combined with firearm sound suppressors, subsonic ammunition may significantly reduce sound levels compared to normal ammunition. [4] Specific reductions depend on the ammunition and suppressor. The peak sound pressure levels of a Remington 700 .223 caliber bolt-action rifle firing high-velocity (supersonic) ammunition using a GEMTECH G5-5.56 ...
Traditional measures of suppressor noise reduction have focused on the change in the peak sound pressure level between suppressed and unsuppressed conditions. Because of the MIL-STD 1474D, the ability to reduce the suppressed level to below 140 dB peak sound pressure level (dB pSPL) was the goal for firearm suppressor manufacturers.
A SIONICS suppressor attached to a MAC-10 SIONICS (acronym for Studies In the Operational Negation of Insurgents and Counter-Subversion ) was an American company producing firearm suppressors . It was founded in the 1960s by Mitchell WerBell III , a former OSS officer.
Sound exposure level (SEL) is a logarithmic measure of the sound exposure of a sound relative to a reference value. Sound exposure level, denoted L E and measured in dB , is defined by [ 1 ]
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Measurements indicate that on a rifle, a muzzle brake adds 5 to 10 dB to the normal noise level perceived by the shooter, increasing total noise levels up to 160 dB(A) ± 3 dB. [20] Painful discomfort occurs at approximately 120 to 125 dB(A), [21] with some references claiming 133 dB(A) for the threshold of pain. [22]
A graph of the A-, B-, C- and D-weightings across the frequency range 10 Hz – 20 kHz Video illustrating A-weighting by analyzing a sine sweep (contains audio). A-weighting is a form of frequency weighting and the most commonly used of a family of curves defined in the International standard IEC 61672:2003 and various national standards relating to the measurement of sound pressure level. [1]