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Combined sound characters (合音字): As a result of a lack of consensus among writers regarding word use, some monosyllable Taiwanese Hokkien morphemes are still written with equivalent polysyllable phrases, for example 落去 (lueh), 佗位 (tueh), 昨昏 (tsa̋ng), 啥人 (siáng). However, some common homophonous characters have become ...
Siáu-chhoan Siōng-gī (Naoyoshi Ogawa; 小川尚義), main author and editor of the Comprehensive Taiwanese–Japanese Dictionary (1931) Below is a list of Hokkien dictionaries, also known as Minnan dictionaries or Taiwanese dictionaries, sorted by the date of the release of their first edition. The first two were prepared by foreign Christian missionaries and the third by the Empire of ...
The Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan (Chinese: 臺灣 台語 常用詞 辭典; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-oân Tâi-gí Siông-iōng-sû Sû-tián) is a dictionary of Taiwanese Hokkien (including Written Hokkien) commissioned by the Ministry of Education of Taiwan. [1]
Pe̍h-ōe-jī (白話字) is a Latin alphabet developed by Western missionaries working in Southeast Asia in the 19th century to write Hokkien. Pe̍h-ōe-jī allows Hokkien to be written phonetically in Latin script, meaning that phrases specific to Hokkien can be written without having to deal with the issue of non-existent Chinese characters.
The official romanization system for Taiwanese Hokkien (usually called "Taiwanese") in Taiwan is known as Tâi-uân Tâi-gí Lô-má-jī Phing-im Hong-àn, [I] [1] often shortened to Tâi-lô. It is derived from Pe̍h-ōe-jī and since 2006 has been one of the phonetic notation systems officially promoted by Taiwan's Ministry of Education . [ 2 ]
Example (traditional Chinese) 翻 譯: 病 院: 愛 情 歐 洲 暗 時 阿 姆: 王 梨 黃 色 有 無 歌 曲 講 話: 奇 怪: 人 員: 豬 肉 舀 水 Example (simplified Chinese) 翻 译: 病 院: 爱 情 欧 洲 暗 时 阿 姆: 王 梨 黄 色 有 无 歌 曲 讲 话: 奇 怪: 人 员: 猪 肉 舀 水
Among the apparently cognate-less words are many basic words with properties that contrast with similar-meaning words of pan-Chinese derivation. Often the former group lacks a standard Han character, and the words are variously considered colloquial, intimate, vulgar, uncultured, or more concrete in meaning than the pan-Chinese synonym.
The Zhangzhou dialects are classified as Hokkien, a group of Southern Min varieties. [6] In Fujian, the Zhangzhou dialects form the southern subgroup (南片) of Southern Min. [7] The dialect of urban Zhangzhou is one of the oldest dialects of Southern Min, and along with the urban Quanzhou dialect, it forms the basis for all modern varieties. [8]