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The qinqin (秦 琴; pinyin: qínqín; Vietnamese: Đàn sến [1]) is a plucked Chinese lute. It was originally manufactured with a wooden body, a slender fretted neck, and three strings. [2] Its body can be round, [3] hexagonal (with rounded sides), or octagonal. Often, only two strings were used, as in certain regional silk-and-bamboo ...
Possible sanxian (left) and pipa, from a 762-827 A.D. painting in the Mogao caves near Dunhuang―Grotto 46 Left interior wall, second panel. Also called cave 112. It has been suggested that sanxian, a form of spike lute, may have its origin in the Middle East, and older forms of spike lute were also found in ancient Egypt. [1]
The strings are usually tuned to A 2 D 3 E 3 A 3, although there are various other ways of tuning. Since the revolutions in Chinese instrument-making during the 20th century, the softer twisted silk strings of earlier times have been exchanged for nylon-wound steel strings, which are far too strong for human fingernails, so false nails are now ...
Jiangnan string music was fully formed by the late Qing Dynasty, and flourished during the Republic of China. [1] [page needed] Jiangnan string music was once known as "South Jiangsu silk bamboo" and "Wuyue silk bamboo" due to its regional and customary style. [1] [page needed] String music developed greatly in northern China.
In Taiwan, the yueqin has a longer neck, and two or three strings. [3] [4] The strings on the traditional form of the instrument were made of silk, though nylon is generally used today. The anchor on a modern yueqin may have up to five holes, so it can be strung and tuned as a three or four-stringed instrument. The nut, at the peghead end of ...
Traditionally, the sanshin was covered with the skin of the Burmese python, but today, due to CITES regulations, the skin of the reticulated python is also used. Python skin is used for the skin of the body of the instrument, in contrast to the cat or dogskin used traditionally on the shamisen.
The default tuning of zhongruan is G 2 D 3 G 3 D 4. [3] It can also be tuned as G 2 D 3 A 3 E 4, or A 2 D 3 D 3 D 4, or other variants, according to requirements in music scores. [4] Since the zhongruan has a rounded, calm and rich tone, it is usually played as a lead instrument in small ensembles and used to accompany other instruments in Chinese orchestra. [5]
Chinese Musical Instruments (Chinese Music Monograph Series). 1999. Chinese Music Society of North America Press. ISBN 1-880464-03-9; Shen, Sinyan. Chinese Music in the 20th Century (Chinese Music Monograph Series). 2001. Chinese Music Society of North America Press. ISBN 1-880464-04-7; Yuan, Bingchang, and Jizeng Mao (1986).