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In order to apply the Treaty of Waitangi in a way that is relevant to the Crown and Māori in the present day, the Waitangi Tribunal and the courts must consider the broad sentiments, the intentions and the goals of the treaty, and then identify the relevant principles of the treaty on a case-by-case basis. [181]
The Waitangi Sheet of the Treaty of Waitangi. The Treaty of Waitangi was first signed on 6 February 1840 by representatives of the British Crown and Māori chiefs from the North Island of New Zealand, with a further 500 signatures added later that year, including some from the South Island. It is one of the founding documents of New Zealand.
Eventually those most vocal against the Treaty, Te Kēmara and Rewa, signed. However a short while later, Rewa dissuaded chiefs from signing te Tiriti at a hui at Manukau Harbour. Two chiefs, Marupō and Ruhe, maintained concerted and expressive speeches against te Tiriti, although both in due course signed.
The Treaty of Waitangi Act 1975 introduced the phrase "principles of the Treaty of Waitangi". It is found twice in the long title, in the preamble, and in Section 6(1), which provides for the Waitangi Tribunal to inquire into claims by Māori that they are prejudicially affected by Crown acts (or omissions) that are inconsistent with the principles of the treaty. [2]
By 1839, the Declaration of the United Tribes had 52 signatories from Northland and a few signatories from other parts, notably from the ariki of the Waikato Tainui, Pōtatau Te Wherowhero. [2] In February 1840, a number of chiefs of the United Tribes convened at Waitangi to sign the Treaty of Waitangi. [3]
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6 February — Hōne Heke is the first to sign the Treaty of Waitangi at the Bay of Islands. [11] 19 February — French settlers under the command of Captain C. Lavaud, unaware of the Treaty of Waitangi, depart France in the L’Aube on their way to Akaroa. [12] (see 1838) 1 March — Governor Hobson suffers a stroke.