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  2. Non-maskable interrupt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-maskable_interrupt

    Such uses include reporting non-recoverable hardware errors, system debugging and profiling, and handling of special cases like system resets. Modern computer architectures typically use NMIs to handle non-recoverable errors which need immediate attention. Therefore, such interrupts should not be masked in the normal operation of the system.

  3. Memory disambiguation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_disambiguation

    Values from store instructions are not committed to the memory system (in modern microprocessors, CPU cache) when they execute. Instead, the store instructions, including the memory address and store data, are buffered in a store queue until they reach the retirement point. When a store retires, it then writes its value to the memory system ...

  4. Application checkpointing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_checkpointing

    The most basic way to implement checkpointing is to stop the application, copy all the required data from the memory to reliable storage (e.g., parallel file system), then continue with execution. [1] In the case of failure, when the application restarts, it does not need to start from scratch.

  5. Memory error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_error

    There are several different types of memory errors, in which people may inaccurately recall details of events that did not occur, or they may simply misattribute the source of a memory. In other instances, imagination of a certain event can create confidence that such an event actually occurred.

  6. Kernel panic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_panic

    After recompiling a kernel binary image from source code, a kernel panic while booting the resulting kernel is a common problem if the kernel was not correctly configured, compiled or installed. [8] Add-on hardware or malfunctioning RAM could also be sources of fatal kernel errors during start up, due to incompatibility with the OS or a missing ...

  7. Cache coherence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cache_coherence

    In a shared memory multiprocessor system with a separate cache memory for each processor, it is possible to have many copies of shared data: one copy in the main memory and one in the local cache of each processor that requested it. When one of the copies of data is changed, the other copies must reflect that change.

  8. Thrashing (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrashing_(computer_science)

    Thrashing occurs when there are too many pages in memory, and each page refers to another page. Real memory reduces its capacity to contain all the pages, so it uses 'virtual memory'. When each page in execution demands that page that is not currently in real memory (RAM) it places some pages on virtual memory and adjusts the required page on RAM.

  9. Memory leak - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_leak

    In computer science, a memory leak is a type of resource leak that occurs when a computer program incorrectly manages memory allocations [1] in a way that memory which is no longer needed is not released. A memory leak may also happen when an object is stored in memory but cannot be accessed by the running code (i.e. unreachable memory). [2]