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  2. traceroute - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traceroute

    traceroute. In computing, traceroute and tracert are diagnostic command-line interface commands for displaying possible routes (paths) and transit delays of packets across an Internet Protocol (IP) network. The command reports the round-trip times of the packets received from each successive host (remote node) along the route to a destination.

  3. MTR (software) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTR_(software)

    My traceroute, originally named Matt's traceroute (MTR), is a computer program that combines the functions of the traceroute and ping programs in one network diagnostic tool. [ 2 ] MTR probes routers on the route path by limiting the number of hops individual packets may traverse, and listening to responses of their expiry.

  4. route (command) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Route_(command)

    route (command) In computing, route is a command used to view and manipulate the IP routing table in Unix-like and Microsoft Windows [1] operating systems and also in IBM OS/2 and ReactOS. [2] Manual manipulation of the routing table is characteristic of static routing.

  5. Layer four traceroute - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layer_four_traceroute

    Layer Four Traceroute (LFT) is a fast, multi-protocol traceroute engine, that also implements numerous other features including AS number lookups through regional Internet registries and other reliable sources, Loose Source Routing, firewall and load balancer detection, etc. LFT is best known for its use by network security practitioners to trace a route to a destination host through many ...

  6. Hop (networking) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hop_(networking)

    Hop count. In wired networks, the hop count refers to the number of networks or network devices through which data passes between source and destination (depending on routing protocol, this may include the source/destination, that is, the first hop is counted as hop 0 or hop 1 [1]). Thus, hop count is a rough measure of distance between two hosts.

  7. Internet Control Message Protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Control_Message...

    Identifier and Sequence number can be used by the client to match the reply with the request that caused the reply. Originate timestamp is the time the sender last touched the message before sending it. Receive timestamp is the time the echoer first touched it on receipt. Transmit timestamp is the time the echoer last touched the message on ...

  8. Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Security...

    ISAKMP only provides a framework for authentication and key exchange and is designed to be key exchange independent; protocols such as Internet Key Exchange (IKE) and Kerberized Internet Negotiation of Keys (KINK) provide authenticated keying material for use with ISAKMP. For example: IKE describes a protocol using part of Oakley and part of ...

  9. List of POSIX commands - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_POSIX_commands

    List of POSIX commands. This is a list of POSIX (Portable Operating System Interface) commands as specified by IEEE Std 1003.1-2024, which is part of the Single UNIX Specification (SUS). These commands can be found on Unix operating systems and most Unix-like operating systems. This is not a comprehensive list of all utilities that existed in ...